Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population
| Female (n=7034) | Male (n=8430) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 43.3 ± 8.8 | 44.1 ± 9.0 | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.0 ± 2.9 | 23.0 ± 3.0 | <0.001 |
| WC, cm | 71.7 ± 8.1 | 80.5 ± 7.9 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 6139 (87.3%) | 2892 (34.3%) | |
| Former | 441 (6.3%) | 2511 (29.8%) | |
| Current | 454 (6.5%) | 3027 (35.9%) | |
| Alcohol consumption | <0.001 | ||
| No or minimal | 6451 (91.7%) | 5354 (63.5%) | |
| Light | 389 (5.5%) | 1369 (16.2%) | |
| Moderate | 194 (2.8%) | 1166 (13.8%) | |
| Heavy | 0 (0.0%) | 541 (6.4%) | |
| Regular exerciser | 1109 (15.8%) | 1600 (19.0%) | <0.001 |
| Fatty liver | 486 (6.9%) | 2255 (26.7%) | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 109.4 ± 14.3 | 118.8 ± 14.1 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 67.6 ± 9.8 | 74.9 ± 10.0 | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 15.0 ± 12.4 | 24.1 ± 14.6 | <0.001 |
| AST, U/L | 16.7 ± 9.0 | 19.8 ± 8.1 | <0.001 |
| GGT, U/L | 13.6 ± 8.7 | 25.9 ± 21.7 | <0.001 |
| FBG, mmol/L | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.2 ± 0.9 | <0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | <0.001 |
| HDL, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| CVAI | 26.9 ± 34.3 | 62.8 ± 38.0 | <0.001 |
| CVAI quartiles | <0.001 | ||
| Q1 | 2931 (41.7%) | 935 (11.1%) | |
| Q2 | 2103 (29.9%) | 1763 (20.9%) | |
| Q3 | 1306 (18.6%) | 2560 (30.4%) | |
| Q4 | 694 (9.9%) | 3172 (37.6%) |
Note: Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; CVAI, Chinese visceral adiposity index.