Table IV.
Causes and timing of deaths
| Risk of BPD or Death | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | All | ||||||
| Vitamin A | Control | Vitamin A | Control | Vitamin A | Control | Vitamin A | Control | Vitamin A | Control | |
| n=3 | n=5 | n=5 | n=6 | n=16 | n=16 | n=35 | n=28 | n=59 | n=55 | |
| Cause of death | ||||||||||
| Respiratory insufficiency | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (16.7) | 3 (18.8) | 6 (37.5) | 17 (48.6) | 16 (57.1) | 21 (35.6) | 23 (41.8) |
| Before 28 postnatal days | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (16.7) | 2 (12.5) | 6 (37.5) | 14 (40.0) | 16 (57.1) | 17 (28.8) | 23 (41.8) |
| After 28 postnatal days | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.6) | 0 (0) | 4 (6.8) | 0 (0) |
| Infection | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (16.7) | 3 (18.8) | 4 (25.0) | 7 (20.0) | 4 (14.3) | 12 (20.3) | 9 (16.4) |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 0 (0) | 5 (100) | 2 (40.0) | 4 (66.7) | 4 (25.0) | 5 (31.3) | 5 (14.3) | 5 (17.9) | 11 (18.6) | 19 (34.5) |
| Intracranial bleeding | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0) | 3 (18.8) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.6) | 2 (7.1) | 7 (11.9) | 2 (3.6) |
| Othera | 2 (66.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (18.8) | 1 (6.3) | 3 (8.6) | 1 (3.6) | 8 (13.6) | 2 (3.6) |
| Timing of death (d)—mean (SD)a | 30 (19) | 28 (11) | 21 (17) | 31 (23) | 28 (17) | 18 (7) | 17 (13) | 17 (10) | 21 (15) | 20 (12) |
a
Includes infants who died of cardiac tamponade (n=2), pulmonary hemorrhage (n=1), pleural effusion (n=1), coagulopathy (n=1), and with unknown cause of death (n=5).
There were no significant differences (p<0.05) between vitamin A therapy and control group in cause of death or timing of death. Mean (SD) time of death from intracranial bleeding in the Vitamin A group was 16 (SD 8) days. Deaths from intracranial bleeding in the control group took place at 8 and 12 days.