Table 4.

Path coefficients, direct and indirect effects from the path model examining parental knowledge and peer substance use as indirect pathways linking externalizing polygenic scores and adolescent externalizing behaviors among participants of African ancestry

Paths	B	SE	β	p
EXT PGS → T1 EXT	.04	.04	.06	.266
EXT PGS → T1 par knowledge	.02	.04	.03	.512
EXT PGS → T1 peer sub use	−.03	.02	−.09	.094
EXT PGS → T2 EXT	−.04	.04	−.03	.369
EXT PGS → T2 par knowledge	.03	.03	.04	.300
EXT PGS → T2 peer sub use	.01	.02	.05	.218
T1 EXT → T2 EXT	.79	.12	.52	<.001
T1 EXT → T2 par knowledge	−.18	.07	−.16	.008
T1 EXT → T2 peer sub use	.10	.05	.14	.030
T1 par monitor → T2 EXT	−.13	.06	−.09	.040
T1 par monitor → T2 par knowledge	.41	.05	.39	<.001
T1 par monitor → T2 peer sub use	−.04	.04	−.07	.213
T1 peer sub use → T2 EXT	.10	.27	.03	.712
T1 peer sub use → T2 par knowledge	.02	.14	.01	.896
T1 peer sub use → T2 peer sub use	.48	.09	.30	<.001
Indirect Effects	B	95% CI	β	p
EXT PGS → T1 EXT → T2 EXT	.032	[−.026, .084]	.030	.248
EXT PGS → T1 par knowledge → T2 EXT	−.003	[−.016, .005]	−.003	.562
EXT PGS → T1 peer sub use → T2 EXT	−.003	[−.020, .005]	−.003	.733

Note. Abbreviations: EXT PGS = externalizing polygenic score. T1 = Time 1. T2 = Time 2. EXT = externalizing behaviors. Par knowledge = parental knowledge. Peer sub use = peer substance use. CI = confidence intervals. The EXT PGS included in the analyses was regressed on the ten genetic ancestry principal components. Age and sex were included as covariates. Statistically significant coefficients/effects are bolded.