Table 3.

Cumulative Incidence of Dementia and Cognitive Decline According to BPV in Men, Stratified by Antihypertensive Medication Use Over the BPV Assessed Period

	No.	No Antihypertensive Medication				No.	Consistent Antihypertensive Medication
		No. of Events	HR*	95% CI	P Value		No. of Events	HR*	95% CI	P Value
Dementia	3111	70				3478	92
BPV (continuous)			0.97	0.93–1.02	0.29			1.06	1.03–1.09	<0.0001
BPV tertile
Tertile 1	1055	28	Ref.			1178	15	Ref.
Tertile 2	1019	16	0.58	0.31–1.08	0.09	1146	31	2.11	1.14–3.91	0.02
Tertile 3	1037	26	0.83	0.48–1.43	0.51	1154	46	2.97	1.65–5.34	<0.0001
Cognitive decline	2665	377				2922	439
BPV (continuous)			0.99	0.97–1.01	0.44			1.02	1.01–1.04	0.002
BPV tertile
Tertile 1	906	128	Ref.			992	124	Ref.
Tertile 2	875	120	1.03	0.80–1.32	0.84	959	125	1.05	0.82–1.35	0.71
Tertile 3	884	129	1.02	0.79–1.30	0.89	971	190	1.68	1.34–2.12	<0.0001

BPV indicates blood pressure variability; and HR, hazard ratio.

^*Adjusted for age, average systolic blood pressure, education, diabetes mellitus, depression, body mass index, and statin medications.