Table 4.

Summary of series’ comparing hybrid emergency department (ED) versus the conventional trauma workflow without a hybrid ED

Author, Institution, Year	Hybrid ED	Conventional	Baseline features (Hybrid ED versus Conventional)	Outcomes (Hybrid ED versus Conventional)	Remarks
Wada, OGMC, 2012	21	27	No significant difference	Shorter time to CT initiation and end of CT Shorter time to start of bleeding control procedures No significant difference in 28-day mortality	1 patient in the hybrid group and 7 patients in the conventional group were transferred to the OT for emergency surgery
Kinoshita, OGMC, 2019	336	360	Difference in mechanism of injury (fewer motor vehicle accidents) Higher prothrombin time international normalized ratio	Shorter time to CT initiation Shorter time to emergency procedure Decreased 28-day mortality Reduced number of deaths from exsanguination	Outcomes confirmed with propensity score analyses
Ito, TUSM, 2020	24	72	Younger age Greater proportion of patients with traumatic brain injuries, Glasgow Coma scale of < / = 8 and intubated on admission Lower Revised Trauma Score More frequent REBOA insertion and simultaneous or subsequent laparotomy/thoracotomy More frequent massive transfusion protocol activation	No difference in time from arrival to CT scan Shorter time from arrival to angioembolization No differences in rates of angioembolization complications, infectious complications and in-hospital mortality	Evaluated all patients who underwent angioembolization for pelvic fracture

OGMC Osaka General Medical Center, Japan; TUSM Teikyo University School of Medicine, Japan