Table 3.
Percentage of bone penetration of the main antibiotics used in AHOM
| Antibiotic | Percentage of bone penetration | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Boselli 1999 [14] | Landrsdorfer 2009 [15] | Thabit 2019 [16] | |
| BETA-LACTAMS | |||
| Amoxicillin | 17–31% | 18–20% | 10% (amoxi-clavulanate) |
| Clavulanic | – | 10–15% | – |
| Ampicillin | 16% | 11–71% | – |
| Sulbactam | – | 17–71% | – |
| Piperacillin | 18–23% | 18–23% or 15% | 15% (piperacillin-tazobactam) |
| Tazobactam | 22–26% | 22–26% | – |
| Flucloxacillin | 8–15% | 5–15% | 65% |
| Oxacillin | – | 11% | 21% |
| CARBAPENEMS | |||
| Ertapenem | – | 10–20% | 35% |
| Meropenem | – | – | 50% |
| CEPHALOSPORINS | |||
| Ceftriaxone | – | 7–17% | – |
| Cefazolin | 18% | 18% | 25% |
| Cefepime | – | 46–76% | – |
| Cefuroxime | 14–23% | – | – |
| Cefotaxime | 8,8% | – | – |
| Ceftazidime | 20–35% | 54% | 49% |
| MACROLIDES | |||
| Erythromycin | 28.5–39% | 18–28% | – |
| Azithromycin | – | 250–630% | – |
| GLYCOPEPTIDES | |||
| Vancomycin | 60.8% | 5–67% | 20–40% |
| Teicoplanin | 14–290% | 50–64% | – |
| AMINOGLYCOSIDES | |||
| Gentamicin | 14–55% | 16–33% | – |
| Amikacin | 15–30% | – | – |
| OTHERS | |||
| Metronidazole | – | – | 50% |
| Linezolida | – | 23–51% | 44% |
| Daptomycin | – | 12–55% or 108% | 20% |
| TMP-SMX | 11–60% | 15–50% | 25% |
| Rifampicin | 17–41% | 20–25% | 40% |
| Tigecyclinea | – | 35–195% or 47% | – |
| Clindamycin | 98.3% | 21–45% | 26% |
aNot registered for pediatric use