The compounding effects of occupying two or more social identities, such as being “Black” and “female” have been described in intersectionality theory, which is a framework to consider multiple social identities as overlapping, dynamic, and interdependent.

To date cost effectiveness research has not systematically examined intersecting social identities in the evaluation of medicines using social theory, such as intersectionality.

In this Current Opinion, we provide an outline for conducting socially conscious cost effectiveness analyses, using intersectionality as one example.