14-3-3ζ promotes collagen synthesis. (A and B) Tibia (A) and trabecular bones (B) from WT and 14-3-3ζ KO–untreated, IFA-, and IFA+14-3-3ζ–treated arthritic animals were stained for collagen with mason trichrome. (Scale bar: 500 µm and 50 µm for A and B, respectively.) (C) Primary rat mesenchymal cells were treated with different amounts of purified recombinant His-14-3-3ζ protein for 14 d, and the effect on collagen1 gene induction was measured using RT-qPCR. (D) Primary rat mesenchymal cells from WT and KO cells were treated with 100 ng recombinant His-14-3-3ζ for 14 d, and collagen1 gene induction was measured using RT-qPCR. *P < 0.05, and ***P < 0.0005.