Table-3.
Current classification and distribution of class II Newcastle disease virus genotypes [62].
| Genotypes | Subgenotypes | Geographic distribution | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | Ia, Ib, Ic | Australia, Africa, Europe, US, Asia | Low virulence, Ulster, V4 |
| II | - | North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Europe | Avirulent, lentogenic, Lasota, B1 |
| III | - | Japan and Australia, Taiwan, Zimbabwe | Ancient strains but still emerging, mesogenic Mukteshwar |
| IV | - | Europe, Africa, Asia | Virulent, Herts/33 (UK) |
| V | Va, Vb, Vc, Vd | South America, Europe, and Africa | Virulent, Anhinga (US) |
| VI | VIa, VIb, VIc, VId, VIe, VIf, VIg, VIh, | Europe, Asia, Africa, South America | Pigeon paramyxoviruses |
| VII | VIIa, VIIb, VIIc,, VIId, VIIe, VIIf, VIIg, VIIh, VIIi | Emerged in Far East in 1990, spread to Europe and Asia, Africa. | Virulent, 4th Newcastle disease panzootic virus, 5th panzootic virus |
| VIII | - | South Africa, Asia | Highly virulent, AF22440 |
| IX | - | First isolated in China in 1948 | Highly virulent |
| X | - | Taiwan, Argentina, USA | Virulent |
| XI | - | Madagascar | Virulent, restricted distribution |
| XII | - | South America and China | Virulent |
| XIII | XIIIa, XIIIb, XIIIc | Asia, Europe, and Africa | Virulent, continuously emerging |
| XIV | XIVa, XIVb | West Africa | Highly virulent, recovered from domestic birds only |
| XV | - | China | Originated from mixed virulent and vaccine viruses |
| XVI | - | Europe in the 1940s, Africa and Asia in 1980s | Highly related to genotype IV |
| XVII | XVIIa, XVIIb | West and Central Africa | Highly virulent, continuously emerging evolving |
| XVIII | XVIIIa, XVIIIb | West Africa | Highly virulent |