Table-5.

Selection of the most interesting traditional remedies used in the prevention of Newcastle disease [89].

Name of the plant	Part used	Preparation	Administration	Posology	Reference and country
Allium sativum	Clove	Syrup to keep for two weeks in the shade before use	Oral in drinking water	Every day, either only during the dry season or all year round	[89] Cambodia
Zingiber officinale Roscoe	Rhizome				[89] Cambodia
Allium sativum	Clove	Syrup	Oral in food	All the days	[89] Cambodia
Zingiber officinale Roscoe	Rhizome	Dye to keep for three weeks before use	Oral	One drop when the chicken is 2 days old, three drops when the chicken reaches 1 kilo	[89] Cambodia
Capsicum annuum L.	Fruit				[89] Cambodia
Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd	Leaf				[89] Cambodia
Piper nigrum L	Bay				[89] Cambodia
Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd	Leaf				[89] Cambodia
Allium sativum	Clove	Aqueous maceration	Oral in drinking water	All the days	[89] Cambodia
Cymbopogon citratus (DC). Stapf	Whole plant				[89] Cambodia
Azadirachta indica A Juss	Bark				[89] Cambodia
Ceiba pentandra (L.) gaertn	Bark				[89] Cambodia
Parkia filicoidea	Bark		Put into drinking water		[94] Nigeria
Cassia didymobotrya or	Leaves		Added to drinking water		[95] Zimbabwe
Euphorbia matabelensis	latex		Added to drinking water		[95] Zimbabwe
Fruit of Capsicum annuum together with leaves of boza multiflora	Fruit and leaves				[98] Tanzania
Fruits of Lagenaria breviflora and v Capsicum frutescens	Fruits and frutescens		Put into drinking water		[10] Nigeria
Bark of Khaya senegalensis and Capsicurn sp. extracts	Bark and extracts		Soaked in drinking water		[99] Senegal
Mangifera indica	Barks		Put into drinking water		[100] Gambia
Mucuna sp.	Leaves		Crushed leaves soaked in drinking water		[101] Kenya
Barks of Combretum micranthum + Butyrospermum parkii + Ficus sp.	Barks		Dried, ground and soaked in drinking water		[102] Burkina Faso
Lannea acida	Barks		Soaked in drinking water		[101] Burkina Faso
Cassia sieberiana	Barks		Used as infusion		[103] Mali
Hot pepper, elephant feces, sisal leaves and leaves from plants known as “chunga,” “hunduhundu,” and “mwambalasimb”					[104] Tanzania
Solanum nodiflorum			Cut into two halves and soaked in water		[105] Nigeria
Khaya senegalensis			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Vernonia amygdalina			Soak the bark in water		[105] Nigeria
Datura metel			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Solanum nodiflorum			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Capsicum spp.			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Khaya senegalensis			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Khaya senegalensis			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Solanum nodiflorum			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Vernonia amygdalina			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Datura metel			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria
Monosodium glutamate			Soak in water		[105] Nigeria