Table 1.
Characteristics and PCAT scores of the participants stratified by CHC, n (%)
| HHG (n = 90) | HL (n = 183) | JH (n = 213) | LD (n = 149) | LH (n = 396) | SY (n = 537) | Total (N = 1568) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||||||
| 18–25 | 4 (4.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (6.0) | 6 (1.5) | 1 (0.2) | 20 (1.3) |
| 26–30 | 14 (15.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 24 (16.1) | 3 (0.8) | 14 (2.6) | 55 (3.5) |
| 31–40 | 30 (33.3) | 3 (1.6) | 33 (15.5) | 29 (19.5) | 4 (1.0) | 28 (5.2) | 127 (8.1) |
| 41–50 | 13 (14.4) | 11 (6.0) | 40 (18.8) | 15 (10.1) | 24 (6.1) | 27 (6.1) | 130 (8.3) |
| 51–60 | 9 (10.0) | 30 (16.4) | 34 (16.0) | 20 (13.4) | 79 (19.9) | 79 (14.7) | 251 (16.0) |
| > 60 | 20 (22.2) | 139 (76.0) | 106 (49.8) | 52 (34.9) | 280 (70.7) | 388 (72.3) | 985 (62.8) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 22 (24.4) | 81 (44.3) | 78 (36.6) | 74 (49.7) | 206 (52.0) | 232 (43.2) | 693 (44.2) |
| Female | 68 (75.6) | 102 (55.7) | 135 (63.4) | 75 (50.3) | 190 (48.0) | 305 (56.8) | 875 (55.8) |
| Education | |||||||
| Uneducated | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.5) | 4 (1.9) | 5 (3.4) | 1 (0.3) | 3 (0.6) | 15 (1.0) |
| Primary school | 5 (5.6) | 16 (8.7) | 51 (23.9) | 15 (10.1) | 69 (17.4) | 46 (8.6) | 202 (12.9) |
| Middle school | 6 (6.7) | 50 (27.3) | 78 (36.6) | 34 (22.8) | 96 (24.2) | 144 (26.8) | 408 (26.0) |
| High school | 17 (18.9) | 88 (48.1) | 25 (11.7) | 26 (17.4) | 146 (36.9) | 235 (43.8) | 537 (34.2) |
| ≥ College | 61 (67.8) | 28 (15.3) | 55 (25.8) | 69 (46.3) | 84 (21.2) | 109 (20.3) | 406 (25.9) |
| Annual family income (RMB, yuan) | |||||||
| < 100,000 | 30 (33.3) | 58 (31.7) | 67 (31.5) | 54 (36.2) | 54 (36.2) | 51 (12.9) | 380 (24.2) |
| 100,000–150,000 | 20 (22.2) | 32 (17.5) | 59 (27.7) | 21 (14.1) | 21 (14.1) | 112 (28.3) | 347 (22.1) |
| 150,000–210,000 | 24 (26.7) | 49 (26.8) | 61 (28.6) | 27 (18.1) | 27 (18.1) | 161 (40.7) | 434 (27.7) |
| ≥ 210,000 | 16 (17.8) | 44 (24.0) | 26 (12.2) | 47 (31.5) | 47 (31.5) | 72 (18.2) | 407 (26.0) |
| Annual out-of-pocket medical expenditures (RMB, yuan) | |||||||
| ≤ 800 | 38 (42.2) | 83 (45.4) | 51 (23.9) | 29 (19.5) | 6 (1.5) | 151 (28.1) | 358 (22.8) |
| 800–1800 | 16 (17.8) | 53 (29.0) | 62 (29.1) | 24 (16.1) | 52 (13.1) | 203 (37.8) | 410 (26.1) |
| 1800–3000 | 10 (11.1) | 16 (8.7) | 22 (10.3) | 24 (16.1) | 100 (25.3) | 69 (12.8) | 241 (15.4) |
| > 3000 | 26 (28.9) | 31 (16.9) | 78 (36.6) | 72 (48.3) | 238 (60.1) | 114 (21.2) | 559 (35.7) |
| Medical insurance | |||||||
| Urban resident | 9 (10.0) | 7 (3.8) | 37 (17.4) | 39 (26.2) | 124 (31.3) | 10 (1.9) | 226 (14.5) |
| Employee | 71 (78.9) | 173 (94.5) | 166 (77.9) | 105 (70.5) | 266 (67.2) | 520 (96.8) | 1301 (83.0) |
| Business insurance | 10 (11.1) | 3 (1.6) | 10 (4.7) | 5 (3.4) | 6 (1.5) | 7 (1.3) | 41 (2.6) |
| Diabetes | |||||||
| No | 85 (94.4) | 128 (69.9) | 179 (84.0) | 117 (78.5) | 264 (66.7) | 377 (70.2) | 1150 (73.3) |
| Yes | 5 (5.6) | 55 (30.1) | 34 (16.0) | 32 (21.5) | 132 (33.3) | 160 (29.8) | 418 (26.7) |
| Hypertension | |||||||
| No | 71 (78.9) | 67 (36.6) | 132 (62.0) | 85 (57.0) | 154 (38.9) | 176 (32.8) | 685 (43.7) |
| Yes | 19 (21.1) | 116 (63.4) | 81 (38.0) | 64 (43.0) | 242 (61.1) | 361 (67.2) | 883 (56.3) |
| PCAT scores | |||||||
| First contact in terms of utilization | 2.92 ± 0.75* | 3.16 ± 0.53* | 3.25 ± 0.57* | 3.17 ± 0.59* | 2.83 ± 0.57* | 3.84 ± 0.31 | 3.31 ± 0.65 |
| First-contact care in terms of access | 2.32 ± 0.57* | 2.71 ± 0.52* | 2.68 ± 0.49* | 2.99 ± 0.51* | 2.32 ± 0.45 | 3.76 ± 0.28 | 2.97 ± 0.74 |
| Ongoing care | 2.13 ± 0.63* | 2.87 ± 0.52* | 2.71 ± 0.53* | 2.91 ± 0.41* | 2.46 ± 0.48* | 3.96 ± 0.14 | 3.08 ± 0.78 |
| Coordination of care | 2.49 ± 0.58* | 2.77 ± 0.49* | 3.00 ± 0.55* | 3.35 ± 0.56* | 2.61 ± 0.54* | 3.88 ± 0.29 | 3.20 ± 0.72 |
| Coordination of information systems | 2.66 ± 0.65* | 3.22 ± 0.61* | 3.38 ± 0.56* | 3.30 ± 0.52* | 3.22 ± 0.61* | 4.00 ± 0.06 | 3.31 ± 0.74 |
| Comprehensiveness of services available | 3.21 ± 0.51* | 2.72 ± 0.72* | 3.41 ± 0.34* | 3.19 ± 0.52* | 2.91 ± 0.60* | 3.96 ± 0.21 | 3.36 ± 0.67 |
| Comprehensiveness of services provided | 2.75 ± 0.59* | 3.02 ± 0.56* | 3.35 ± 0.45* | 3.08 ± 0.46* | 2.51 ± 0.53* | 3.91 ± 0.15 | 3.23 ± 0.70 |
| Family centredness | 2.99 ± 0.65* | 2.89 ± 0.58* | 2.95 ± 0.63* | 3.14 ± 0.46* | 2.50 ± 0.51* | 3.97 ± 0.14 | 3.20 ± 0.75 |
| Community orientation | 2.64 ± 0.71* | 2.89 ± 0.46* | 2.76 ± 0.55* | 3.14 ± 0.45* | 2.37 ± 0.52* | 3.73 ± 0.34 | 3.04 ± 0.72 |
| Culturally competent care | 2.92 ± 0.63* | 2.99 ± 0.69* | 3.28 ± 0.59* | 2.64 ± 0.64* | 2.59 ± 0.56* | 3.94 ± 0.20 | 3.22 ± 0.76 |
| Global PCAT score | 2.71 ± 0.40* | 2.93 ± 0.43* | 3.08 ± 0.33* | 3.07 ± 0.35* | 2.56 ± 0.29* | 3.89 ± 0.13 | 3.19 ± 0.61 |
Data are mean (SD) or n (%)
Abbreviations: CHC Community health centres, PCAT Primary Care Assessment Tools
*P < 0.05, compared to SY. P-value is based on Welch’s analysis of variance (ANOVA)