Table 5.
EORTC QLQ-C30 reference values for the general population of Spain by age, sex, and health condition
| Male | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18–39 years | 40–49 years | 50–59 years | 60–69 years | 70 + years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| One or more health conditions N = 94 | No health condition N = 99 | One or more health conditions N = 75 | No health condition N = 34 | One or more health conditions N = 59 | No health condition N = 33 | One or more health conditions N = 43 | No health condition N = 25 | One or more health conditions N = 59 | No health condition N = 17 | One or more health conditions N = 329 | No health condition N = 209 | |||||||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Physical functioning | 81.8 | 15.9 | 88.6 | 21.6 | 81.4 | 21.9 | 98.1 | 4.3 | 87.2 | 16.4 | 96.3 | 6.9 | 85.3 | 17.6 | 96.8 | 7.6 | 84.2 | 18.9 | 96.2 | 6.6 | 83.6 | 18.3 | 93.0 | 16.1 |
| Role functioning | 74.9 | 21.3 | 89.9 | 22.5 | 77.0 | 25.4 | 98.9 | 4.2 | 80.3 | 25.6 | 97.8 | 6.9 | 84.9 | 23.2 | 97.1 | 9.6 | 87.1 | 20.7 | 98.7 | 6.6 | 79.8 | 23.6 | 94.2 | 16.7 |
| Emotional functioning | 67.4 | 25.9 | 83.6 | 23.0 | 72.5 | 23.7 | 85.8 | 10.3 | 73.9 | 20.3 | 88.2 | 15.6 | 78.4 | 20.3 | 90.6 | 13.6 | 88.0 | 14.1 | 94.2 | 8.2 | 74.8 | 23.0 | 86.4 | 18.5 |
| Cognitive functioning | 78.5 | 22.7 | 91.5 | 21.6 | 79.9 | 22.4 | 94.1 | 10.1 | 86.1 | 19.2 | 95.2 | 9.4 | 84.9 | 18.2 | 93.0 | 12.1 | 87.1 | 12.3 | 96.2 | 7.2 | 82.6 | 20.1 | 93.1 | 16.5 |
| Social functioning | 78.8 | 27.9 | 93.5 | 22.0 | 79.7 | 24.7 | 98.9 | 6.0 | 86.8 | 21.3 | 97.4 | 9.9 | 90.2 | 20.7 | 99.0 | 8.1 | 92.8 | 16.4 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 84.4 | 23.9 | 96.2 | 16.3 |
| Global QOL | 58.4 | 21.1 | 77.8 | 15.6 | 56.4 | 17.5 | 80.6 | 11.8 | 60.9 | 22.3 | 79.4 | 18.8 | 66.8 | 18.4 | 84.1 | 11.1 | 68.0 | 20.9 | 86.5 | 13.3 | 61.2 | 20.6 | 80.0 | 15.1 |
| Fatigue | 32.8 | 21.4 | 17.4 | 22.5 | 29.1 | 21.7 | 9.0 | 12.6 | 26.0 | 20.8 | 7.9 | 10.3 | 23.0 | 23.6 | 5.6 | 11.4 | 16.2 | 21.0 | 4.7 | 9.6 | 26.5 | 22.2 | 12.0 | 18.2 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 14.8 | 25.3 | 5.7 | 20.4 | 9.3 | 19.8 | 1.6 | 6.6 | 4.5 | 10.3 | 0.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 11.2 | 1.7 | 8.8 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.6 | 18.3 | 3.2 | 14.8 |
| Pain | 37.0 | 23.2 | 14.5 | 23.0 | 31.9 | 25.5 | 6.5 | 10.2 | 28.1 | 24.0 | 9.2 | 12.7 | 21.8 | 22.8 | 6.3 | 12.3 | 15.5 | 19.4 | 5.8 | 10.6 | 28.4 | 24.3 | 10.6 | 18.2 |
| Dyspnoea | 16.4 | 19.4 | 10.4 | 23.3 | 20.6 | 25.1 | 3.2 | 10.0 | 16.9 | 24.9 | 4.4 | 11.4 | 15.4 | 23.1 | 3.4 | 11.8 | 11.0 | 21.9 | 2.6 | 9.2 | 16.3 | 22.8 | 6.8 | 18.1 |
| Insomnia | 38.5 | 31.0 | 21.9 | 29.4 | 30.4 | 25.6 | 12.9 | 16.5 | 27.4 | 27.2 | 14.9 | 20.1 | 28.5 | 26.6 | 8.7 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 22.7 | 7.7 | 14.5 | 29.4 | 28.0 | 16.5 | 24.4 |
| Appetite loss | 24.0 | 27.3 | 10.3 | 23.2 | 12.3 | 20.7 | 2.2 | 8.3 | 7.0 | 14.9 | 3.5 | 10.4 | 8.8 | 20.4 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 6.4 | 18.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 13.2 | 22.6 | 5.8 | 17.4 |
| Constipation | 25.0 | 29.2 | 9.5 | 22.3 | 19.1 | 23.2 | 5.4 | 12.4 | 16.4 | 25.6 | 5.3 | 12.3 | 17.1 | 23.6 | 7.7 | 16.5 | 13.3 | 21.2 | 2.6 | 9.2 | 19.0 | 25.4 | 7.4 | 18.1 |
| Diarrhoea | 18.7 | 26.1 | 8.6 | 22.0 | 10.3 | 17.5 | 6.5 | 13.4 | 6.5 | 14.5 | 2.6 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 15.4 | 3.4 | 11.8 | 2.7 | 12.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.4 | 19.8 | 6.0 | 17.2 |
| Financial problems | 20.9 | 26.0 | 6.5 | 22.5 | 16.2 | 26.1 | 1.1 | 6.0 | 13.4 | 26.7 | 0.9 | 5.4 | 7.7 | 17.3 | 1.4 | 9.0 | 5.7 | 12.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.1 | 23.8 | 3.6 | 16.3 |
| Summary score | 74.9 | 17.5 | 88.4 | 20.3 | 79.0 | 17.2 | 94.5 | 5.4 | 83.2 | 13.6 | 94.4 | 6.1 | 84.5 | 12.8 | 95.3 | 7.9 | 89.0 | 10.6 | 97.1 | 3.8 | 81.1 | 15.9 | 91.9 | 15.0 |
| Female | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 18-39 years | 40-49 years | 50-59 years | 60-69 years | 70+ years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| One or more health conditions N = 88 | No health condition N = 102 | One or more health conditions N = 69 | No health condition N = 40 | One or more health conditions N = 65 | No health condition N = 32 | One or more health conditions N = 49 | No health condition N = 24 | One or more health conditions N = 88 | No health condition N = 21 | One or more health conditions N = 359 | No health condition N = 220 | |||||||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Physical functioning | 84.2 | 15.5 | 93.5 | 9.4 | 83.2 | 16.1 | 96.6 | 5.5 | 83.1 | 16.0 | 91.5 | 12.0 | 84.3 | 16.0 | 94.4 | 6.9 | 77.4 | 19.9 | 95.4 | 5.9 | 82.1 | 17.1 | 94.0 | 8.8 |
| Role functioning | 80.6 | 20.9 | 96.3 | 10.9 | 79.1 | 22.2 | 97.4 | 7.2 | 83.3 | 22.7 | 94.9 | 13.1 | 84.2 | 24.1 | 98.6 | 6.2 | 79.7 | 24.7 | 100.0 | 0.0 | 81.1 | 22.8 | 96.9 | 9.8 |
| Emotional functioning | 65.1 | 25.6 | 81.9 | 20.2 | 64.4 | 24.4 | 80.6 | 17.1 | 68.6 | 24.9 | 81.9 | 16.0 | 74.8 | 22.7 | 87.5 | 14.0 | 80.6 | 18.3 | 87.3 | 18.9 | 70.7 | 24.0 | 82.8 | 18.4 |
| Cognitive functioning | 79.6 | 20.4 | 89.4 | 19.0 | 77.4 | 23.0 | 91.5 | 12.0 | 76.2 | 27.4 | 92.6 | 10.1 | 83.1 | 17.5 | 93.5 | 9.2 | 85.0 | 14.0 | 91.2 | 10.2 | 80.3 | 20.9 | 90.9 | 15.1 |
| Social functioning | 76.1 | 26.7 | 95.0 | 15.9 | 75.4 | 28.9 | 94.9 | 11.6 | 81.7 | 26.3 | 94.4 | 12.0 | 88.4 | 21.5 | 99.1 | 3.9 | 86.9 | 24.0 | 99.1 | 3.8 | 81.3 | 26.2 | 95.7 | 12.9 |
| Global QOL | 53.4 | 21.9 | 76.2 | 16.1 | 52.6 | 19.5 | 78.8 | 15.9 | 61.5 | 22.5 | 80.3 | 16.9 | 61.4 | 22.6 | 82.4 | 13.4 | 59.0 | 22.1 | 82.5 | 16.4 | 57.2 | 21.9 | 78.6 | 16.0 |
| Fatigue | 36.6 | 27.2 | 17.3 | 19.8 | 38.5 | 20.9 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 37.0 | 26.1 | 17.3 | 17.9 | 27.5 | 21.7 | 9.0 | 11.6 | 28.4 | 20.9 | 11.1 | 10.4 | 33.8 | 24.0 | 15.0 | 17.0 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 9.7 | 15.3 | 1.6 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 14.2 | 0.9 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 18.1 | 1.9 | 7.8 | 4.6 | 12.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 9.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.1 | 14.4 | 1.2 | 5.4 |
| Pain | 30.7 | 23.7 | 8.4 | 12.6 | 38.1 | 24.9 | 13.2 | 15.8 | 33.1 | 25.3 | 15.3 | 20.1 | 26.9 | 23.6 | 4.6 | 9.5 | 33.1 | 25.4 | 5.3 | 9.7 | 32.6 | 24.7 | 9.6 | 14.4 |
| Dyspnoea | 23.2 | 23.6 | 5.5 | 14.5 | 18.9 | 22.6 | 1.7 | 7.4 | 16.2 | 20.9 | 3.7 | 10.6 | 16.4 | 26.2 | 0.9 | 5.6 | 14.3 | 19.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 18.0 | 22.4 | 3.5 | 11.5 |
| Insomnia | 35.9 | 26.9 | 14.9 | 23.7 | 41.8 | 31.4 | 13.7 | 18.3 | 37.0 | 32.4 | 24.1 | 26.0 | 27.9 | 29.5 | 9.3 | 15.2 | 25.3 | 26.8 | 10.5 | 24.9 | 33.6 | 29.7 | 15.0 | 22.7 |
| Appetite loss | 15.1 | 22.8 | 2.7 | 9.2 | 12.9 | 23.2 | 4.3 | 11.3 | 13.0 | 22.1 | 3.7 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 21.4 | 1.9 | 7.8 | 9.7 | 20.1 | 1.8 | 7.6 | 12.3 | 21.9 | 3.0 | 9.5 |
| Constipation | 20.5 | 27.1 | 9.9 | 20.1 | 14.9 | 22.7 | 12.8 | 23.7 | 20.8 | 30.4 | 13.9 | 20.2 | 16.0 | 23.1 | 12.0 | 18.2 | 19.4 | 25.4 | 12.3 | 19.9 | 18.6 | 26.0 | 11.5 | 20.5 |
| Diarrhoea | 14.5 | 20.9 | 2.2 | 8.3 | 12.4 | 23.8 | 3.4 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 20.2 | 6.5 | 13.4 | 5.9 | 15.1 | 2.8 | 9.4 | 5.9 | 18.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.8 | 20.3 | 2.9 | 9.4 |
| Financial problems | 13.2 | 21.0 | 3.9 | 13.2 | 22.9 | 31.4 | 3.4 | 10.2 | 15.3 | 24.4 | 1.9 | 11.1 | 8.2 | 19.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 14.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 23.3 | 2.7 | 10.9 |
| Summary score | 76.9 | 14.6 | 91.8 | 10.1 | 76.6 | 13.3 | 92.2 | 6.6 | 78.5 | 17.1 | 89.9 | 7.8 | 83.0 | 14.6 | 94.8 | 4.2 | 82.4 | 13.5 | 94.8 | 5.4 | 79.3 | 14.8 | 92.2 | 8.4 |
| Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 18–39 years | 40–49 years | 50–59 years | 60–69 years | 70 + years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| One or more health conditions N = 182 | No health condition N = 201 | One or more health conditions N = 144 | No health condition N = 74 | One or more health conditions N = 124 | No health condition N = 66 | One or more health conditions N = 92 | No health condition N = 49 | One or more health conditions N = 146 | No health condition N = 38 | One or more health conditions N = 688 | No health condition N = 429 | |||||||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Physical functioning | 83.0 | 15.7 | 91.1 | 16.7 | 82.2 | 19.3 | 97.3 | 5.0 | 85.0 | 16.3 | 93.9 | 10.0 | 84.8 | 16.7 | 95.7 | 7.3 | 80.1 | 19.7 | 95.8 | 6.2 | 82.8 | 17.6 | 93.5 | 12.9 |
| Role functioning | 77.7 | 21.3 | 93.2 | 17.8 | 78.0 | 23.8 | 98.1 | 6.0 | 81.9 | 24.1 | 96.4 | 10.5 | 84.6 | 23.6 | 97.8 | 8.0 | 82.7 | 23.4 | 99.4 | 4.4 | 80.5 | 23.2 | 95.6 | 13.6 |
| Emotional functioning | 66.2 | 25.7 | 82.8 | 21.6 | 68.6 | 24.3 | 82.9 | 14.6 | 71.1 | 22.9 | 85.1 | 16.0 | 76.5 | 21.6 | 89.1 | 13.7 | 83.5 | 17.1 | 90.4 | 15.3 | 72.7 | 23.6 | 84.6 | 18.5 |
| Cognitive functioning | 79.0 | 21.6 | 90.5 | 20.3 | 78.7 | 22.6 | 92.7 | 11.2 | 80.9 | 24.3 | 93.9 | 9.8 | 83.9 | 17.8 | 93.3 | 10.7 | 85.9 | 13.4 | 93.4 | 9.2 | 81.4 | 20.5 | 92.0 | 15.8 |
| Social functioning | 77.5 | 27.3 | 94.2 | 19.1 | 77.6 | 26.8 | 96.7 | 9.6 | 84.1 | 24.1 | 95.9 | 11.0 | 89.2 | 21.1 | 99.1 | 6.3 | 89.3 | 21.4 | 99.5 | 2.8 | 82.8 | 25.1 | 96.0 | 14.6 |
| Global QOL | 56.0 | 21.6 | 77.0 | 15.8 | 54.6 | 18.5 | 79.7 | 14.1 | 61.2 | 22.3 | 79.8 | 17.8 | 63.9 | 20.8 | 83.2 | 12.2 | 62.6 | 22.0 | 84.3 | 15.0 | 59.1 | 21.4 | 79.3 | 15.6 |
| Fatigue | 34.7 | 24.4 | 17.3 | 21.1 | 33.6 | 21.8 | 11.1 | 12.8 | 31.8 | 24.2 | 12.5 | 15.2 | 25.4 | 22.6 | 7.3 | 11.5 | 23.5 | 21.7 | 8.2 | 10.5 | 30.3 | 23.4 | 13.5 | 17.6 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 12.4 | 21.1 | 3.6 | 15.0 | 8.1 | 17.3 | 1.2 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 14.9 | 1.1 | 5.8 | 3.7 | 12.1 | 0.9 | 6.2 | 1.6 | 7.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.8 | 16.4 | 2.2 | 11.1 |
| Pain | 33.9 | 23.6 | 11.4 | 18.7 | 34.8 | 25.3 | 10.1 | 13.9 | 30.7 | 24.7 | 12.2 | 16.9 | 24.5 | 23.2 | 5.5 | 10.9 | 26.1 | 24.7 | 5.5 | 10.0 | 30.6 | 24.6 | 10.1 | 16.3 |
| Dyspnoea | 19.7 | 21.8 | 7.9 | 19.4 | 19.8 | 23.9 | 2.4 | 8.7 | 16.5 | 22.8 | 4.1 | 11.0 | 15.9 | 24.7 | 2.2 | 9.3 | 13.0 | 20.2 | 1.2 | 6.2 | 17.2 | 22.6 | 5.1 | 15.1 |
| Insomnia | 37.3 | 29.0 | 18.3 | 26.8 | 35.9 | 29.0 | 13.3 | 17.4 | 32.4 | 30.3 | 19.4 | 23.5 | 28.1 | 28.0 | 9.0 | 16.0 | 21.7 | 25.5 | 9.2 | 20.7 | 31.6 | 29.0 | 15.7 | 23.5 |
| Appetite loss | 19.7 | 25.6 | 6.4 | 17.9 | 12.6 | 21.8 | 3.3 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 19.1 | 3.6 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 20.8 | 1.2 | 6.2 | 8.4 | 19.3 | 1.0 | 5.7 | 12.7 | 22.2 | 4.4 | 14.0 |
| Constipation | 22.8 | 28.3 | 9.7 | 21.2 | 17.1 | 23.0 | 9.4 | 19.6 | 18.7 | 28.2 | 9.5 | 17.1 | 16.5 | 23.2 | 9.8 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 23.9 | 7.9 | 16.5 | 18.8 | 25.7 | 9.5 | 19.4 |
| Diarrhoea | 16.7 | 23.7 | 5.4 | 16.8 | 11.3 | 20.7 | 4.8 | 11.8 | 7.7 | 17.7 | 4.5 | 11.5 | 7.1 | 15.2 | 3.1 | 10.6 | 4.6 | 16.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.1 | 20.0 | 4.4 | 13.8 |
| Financial problems | 17.2 | 23.9 | 5.2 | 18.4 | 19.4 | 28.8 | 2.3 | 8.6 | 14.4 | 25.4 | 1.4 | 8.7 | 8.0 | 18.7 | 0.7 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 14.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 13.5 | 23.5 | 3.1 | 13.8 |
| Summary score | 75.9 | 16.2 | 90.1 | 16.0 | 77.8 | 15.4 | 93.2 | 6.2 | 80.7 | 15.6 | 92.2 | 7.3 | 83.7 | 13.8 | 95.1 | 6.3 | 85.1 | 12.8 | 95.8 | 4.8 | 80.2 | 15.3 | 92.1 | 12.0 |