Table 3.
Maternal and perinatal outcomes by completed week of gestation
| Outcomes | 39 0/7 to 39 6/7 | 40 0/7 to 40 6/7 | 41 0/7 to 42 2/7 | P for trend* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| weeks | weeks | weeks | ||
| N=964 | N=1111 | N=427 | ||
|
| ||||
| Maternal | ||||
|
| ||||
| Cesarean delivery | 167 (17.3) | 244 (22.0)** | 160 (37.5)** | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy† | 158 (16.4) | 134 (12.1)** | 46 (10.8)** | 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Peripartum infection‡ | 146 (15.2) | 187 (16.8) | 70 (16.4) | 0.42 |
|
| ||||
| Placental abruption | 6 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0.51§ |
|
| ||||
| Maternal Composite¶ | 26 (2.7) | 18 (1.6) | 14 (3.3) | 0.93 |
|
| ||||
| Blood transfusion | 20 (2.1) | 14 (1.3) | 13 (3.0) | 0.52 |
|
| ||||
| B-lynch stitch | 6 (0.6) | 4 (0.4) | 4 (0.9) | 0.71§ |
|
| ||||
| Uterine artery ligation | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.2) | 1.00§ |
|
| ||||
| Hysterectomy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0.17§ |
|
| ||||
| ICU admission | 3 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0.80§ |
|
| ||||
| Shoulder dystocia | 19 (2.0) | 26 (2.3) | 14 (3.3) | 0.16 |
|
| ||||
| Perinatal-neonatal | ||||
|
| ||||
| Perinatal composite║ | 49 (5.1) | 65 (5.9) | 35 (8.2)** | 0.03 |
|
| ||||
| Respiratory support | 39 (4.0) | 48 (4.3) | 27 (6.3) | 0.09 |
|
| ||||
| 5 minute Apgar ≤ 3 | 6 (0.6) | 5 (0.5) | 6 (1.4) | 0.24§ |
|
| ||||
| Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy | 9 (0.9) | 5 (0.5) | 5 (1.2) | 0.98 |
|
| ||||
| Seizure | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | 1.00§ |
|
| ||||
| Infection | 4 (0.4) | 6 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.51§ |
|
| ||||
| Meconium aspiration syndrome | 4 (0.4) | 12 (1.1) | 9 (2.1)** | 0.005§ |
|
| ||||
| Birth trauma | 6 (0.6) | 9 (0.8) | 2 (0.5) | 1.00§ |
|
| ||||
| Intracranial/subgaleal hemorrhage | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 5 (1.2)** | 0.004§ |
|
| ||||
| Hypotension requiring pressor support | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.5) | 0.22§ |
|
| ||||
| Stillbirth or neonatal death | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 0.03§ |
|
| ||||
| NICU admission | 121 (12.6) | 155 (14.0) | 71 (16.6)** | 0.05 |
NICU, neonatal intermediate or intensive care unit.
Data are N (%) unless otherwise specified.
Based on Cochran-Armitage trend test.
Preeclampsia or gestational hypertension.
Chorioamnionitis or endometritis.
Monte-Carlo estimate for exact trend test.
Defined as any of the following: blood transfusion, B-lynch, uterine artery ligation, hypogastric artery ligation, vascular embolization, hysterectomy, ICU admission.
Defined as any of the following: perinatal death, the need for respiratory support within 72 hours after birth, 5 minute Apgar score ≤3, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, seizure, infection (confirmed sepsis or pneumonia), meconium aspiration syndrome, birth trauma (bone fracture, neurologic injury, or retinal hemorrhage), intracranial or subgaleal hemorrhage, or hypotension requiring vasopressor support.
P-value for pairwise comparisons 40 vs. 39 weeks and 41 vs. 39 weeks are <0.05