Table 3.
Coefficients and (Standard Errors) for Variables Used in Spatial Error Models of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Houston (N = 153).
| Variable name | Race/ethnicity | Immigration | Age | SES | Household | Commute | Occupation | Full model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black clustering | 0.009***
(0.002) |
0.009***
(0.002) |
0.009***
(0.002) |
0.006**
(0.002) |
0.010***
(0.002) |
0.006***
(0.002) |
0.009***
(0.002) |
0.007***
(0.002) |
| Latino clustering | 0.001*
(0.001) |
0.001†
(0.001) |
0.001 (0.001) |
−0.000 (0.001) |
0.002**
(0.001) |
0.002***
(0.001) |
0.002†
(0.001) |
−0.000 (0.001) |
| Population densitya | 2.098***
(0.493) |
2.132***
(0.607) |
2.041***
(0.492) |
1.771**
(0.576) |
1.437**
(0.551) |
0.601 (0.566) |
1.472*
(0.620) |
0.802 (0.615) |
| % Foreign born | −0.011 (0.166) |
0.097 (0.145) |
||||||
| % Age 65 and up | −0.643†
(0.386) |
−0.637**
(0.397) |
||||||
| % Bachelor’s degree | 0.011 (0.100) |
−0.927***
(0.182) |
||||||
| % in poverty | 0.517*
(0.223) |
0.012 (0.238) |
||||||
| Unemployment rate | 0.121 (0.655) |
0.298 (0.537) |
||||||
| Housing crowding | −0.372 (1.053) |
−0.665 (1.017) |
||||||
| Median home valuea | 0.003 (0.010) |
0.016 (0.011) |
||||||
| % New residents | 0.353**
(0.116) |
0.224†
(0.122) |
||||||
| % Public transportation | 3.090***
(0.627) |
2.787***
(0.654) |
||||||
| % Work from home | 0.947 (0.692) |
0.944 (0.697) |
||||||
| % Professional industry | 0.274 (0.394) |
1.234**
(0.458) |
||||||
| % Sales | −0.695†
(0.362) |
−0.687*
(0.344) |
||||||
| % Service | 0.130 (0.284) |
−1.158***
(0.344) |
||||||
| % Production | −0.339 (0.341) |
−0.796*
(0.404) |
||||||
| Lambda | 0.047 (0.090) |
0.044 (0.091) |
0.054 (0.091) |
−0.001 (0.096) |
−0.071 (0.102) |
−0.132 (0.111) |
−0.026 (0.096) |
−0.231 (0.155) |
| Pseudo-R2 | .262 | .263 | .275 | .294 | .304 | .373 | .289 | .511 |
Note. Data come from the 2014 to 2018 American Community Survey and the Houston Health Department and Harris County Public Health. SARS-CoV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SES = socioeconomic status.
a
The coefficient and standard error were multiplied by 1,000 for the ease of presentation.
†
p < .1. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001 (two-tailed).