Figure 1. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce robust antibody responses.

A) University of Pennsylvania COVID-19 vaccine study design and cohort summary statistics. B) anti-Spike and anti-RBD IgG concentrations over time in plasma samples from vaccinated individuals. C) Pseudovirus neutralization titers against wild-type D614G or B.1.351 variant Spike protein over time in plasma samples from vaccinated individuals. Data are represented as focus reduction neutralization titer 50% (FRNT50) values. D) Comparison of D614G and B.1.351 FRNT50 values at 6 months post-vaccination. Statistics were calculated using paired non-parametric Wilcoxon test E) Correlation between anti-Spike or anti-RBD IgG and neutralizing titers (D614G = black, B.1.351 = green; statistics were calculated using non-parametric Spearman rank correlation). Dotted lines indicate the limit of detection for the assay. For B and C, fractions above plots indicate the number of individuals above their individual baseline at memory timepoints. Decay rates were calculated using a piecewise linear mixed effects model with censoring. Decay rates were similar in SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered groups unless otherwise indicated. Blue and red values indicate comparisons within naïve or recovered groups.