Table 5.
Crude and adjusted logistic regression models examining associations between high cellphone use and depressive symptoms among young women and young men participating in baseline AYAZAZI survey (n = 420)
| |
Women (n = 252) |
Men (n = 168) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
Univariate |
|
Multivariate |
|
Univariate |
|
Multivariate |
|
| Variables | OR 95% (CI) | P-value | OR 95% (CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR 95% (CI) | P-value | Adjusted OR 95% (CI) | P-value |
| Amount of time in a day spent actively using a cell phone | ||||||||
| < 8 hours | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | (ref) | - |
| ≥ 8 hours | 2.29 (1.37–3.85) | .002 | 2.51 (1.45–4.31) | .001 | 0.88 (0.35–2.17) | .77 | 0.87 (0.35–2.16) | 0.76 |
| Potential confounders | ||||||||
| Site | ||||||||
| Durban | 1.02 (0.62–1.67) | .94 | - | - | 0.93 (0.50–1.74) | .82 | - | - |
| Soweto | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | |
| Age group (in years) | ||||||||
| 16–20 | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| 21–24 | 1.25 (0.71–2.20) | .45 | - | - | 1.13 (0.56–2.29) | .73 | - | - |
| Sexual orientation e | ||||||||
| LGBTQ | 1.70 (0.64–4.53) | .29 | - | - | 1.06 (0.30–3.78) | .93 | - | - |
| Heterosexual | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Type of housing | ||||||||
| Formal housing | 1.16 (0.69–1.95) | .57 | - | - | 0.80 (0.377–1.72) | .57 | - | - |
| Other | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Head of household | ||||||||
| Female | 0.91 (0.54–1.52) | .72 | - | - | 1.35 (0.71–2.55) | .36 | - | - |
| Other | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Average own income (In Rand) | ||||||||
| None–1600 | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| 1601–More | 2.56 (1.33–4.94) | .005 | 2.21 (1.11–4.42) | .02 | 1.70 (0.86–3.36) | .13 | 1.39 (0.66–2.94) | 0.39 |
| Are you a student | ||||||||
| No | 2.29 (1.30–4.02) | .004 | - | - | 0.83 (0.41–1.68) | .61 | - | - |
| Yes | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Number of persons financially depending on participant | ||||||||
| <1 | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| ≥1 | 2.00 (1.16–3.43) | .01 | 1.89 (1.05–3.43) | .03 | 1.70 (0.84–3.45) | .14 | 1.48 (0.68–3.2) | 0.33 |
| Ever had consensual sex | ||||||||
| No | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Yes | 1.83 (0.95–3.5) | .07 | 1.31 (0.64–2.67) | .45 | 0.57 (0.21–1.57) | .28 | - | - |
| Do you have your own cell phone? | ||||||||
| No | (ref) | - | - | - | (ref) | - | - | - |
| Yes | 8.13 (1.00–66.01) | .049 | - | - | 0.69 (0.23–2.10) | .52 | - | - |
eLGBTQ: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning.
P-values that are italicized are statistically significant at the 0.05 level.