Table 1.
The summary of in vitro studies, in which protective agents were used against acrylamide toxicity
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| Article number of references | Cell line | Cell type | Acrylamide dose | Duration | Protective agent and treatment manner | Protective agent dose and duration |
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| 1-Hong et al. (16), 2019 | BRL-3A | Normal rat liver cells | 2 mM, constant | 24 hours | allicin, pretreatment | 3.75, 7.5, 15 and 30 µM for 2 hours |
| 2-Yildizbayrak and Erkan (17), 2019 | TM3 | Normal mouse Leydig cells | 1, 10, 100, 1000 µM | 24 hours | curcumin, one dose, constant, co-treatment | 2.5 µM for 24 hours |
| 3-Azari et al. (18), 2019 | HepG2 | Human hepatocarcinoma cells | IC50 of 200 µM | 24 hours | nano-ceria, pretreatment | 50,100 and 200 µM for 30 minutes |
| 4-Pan et al. (19), 2018 | PC12 | Rat pheochromocytoma cells | 0-10 mM | 24 hours | N-acetylcysteine, co-treatment | 0.6 mM for 24 hours |
| 5-Jiang et al. (20), 2018 | IEC-6 | Rat small intestine cells | 5 mM | 24 hours | Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide | 20, 40, 80 and 160 μg/ml for 20 hours |
| 6-Esmaeelpanah et al. (21), 2018 | PC12 | Rat pheochromocytoma cells | 4.85 mM (IC50) | 24 hours | Epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate | 20 µM for both for 24 and 48 hours |
| 7-Albalawi et al. (22), 2017 | ARPE-19 | Human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells | 0.7 or 1 mM | 24 hours | carnosic acid, pretreatment | 10 µM for 24 hours |
| 8-Li et al. (23), 2018 | HepG2 | Human hepatocarcinoma cells | 10 mM | 24 hours | blueberry anthocyanin | 5, 10, 20 µg/ml for 12 hours |
| 9-Song et al. (24), 2013 | MDA-MB-231 | Human mammary cells | 5 mM | 20 hours | cyanidin-3-glucoside | 10, 25, 50, 100 µM for 4 hours |
| 10-Mehri et al. (25), 2012 | PC12 | Rat pheochromocytoma cells | 5 mM | 24 hours | crocin pretreatment | 10, 20, and 50 µM for 24 hours |
| 11-Song et al. (26), 2017 | BV2 | Microglial cells | 2 mM | 24 hours | lipoic acid pretreatment | 50 µM for 1 hour |
| 12-He et al. (27) 2017 | PC12 | Rat pheochromocytoma cells | 6 mM | 24 hours | epigallocatechin-3-gallate pretreatment | 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 µM for 24 hours |
| 13-Chen et al. (28), 2014 | Caco-2 | Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells | 5 mM | 48 hours | hispidin, co-treatment | 5 and 10 µg/ml for 48 hours |
| 14-Li et al. (29), 2017 | PC12 | Rat pheochromocytoma cells | 5 mM | 24 hours | silymarin, pretreatment | 12, 24, 48, 96 and 192 µg/ml for 3 hours |
| 15-Shi et al. (30), 2018 | IEC-6 | Rat small intestine cells | 2.5 mM | 24 hours | glycated and untreated casein, pretreatment | 12.5, 25, 50, 100 µg/ml, for 24 and 48 hours |
| 16-Chen et al. (31), 2013 | Caco-2 | Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells | 5 mM | 48 hours | myricitrin, co-treatment | 2.5, 5, 10 µg/ml for 48 hours |
| 17-Rodriguez-Ramiro et al. (32), 2011 | Caco-2 | Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells | 5 mM | different times | cocoa polyphenolic extract, its polyphenols epicatechin and procyanidin B2, pretreatment | 10 µg/ml of the extract, 10 µM of others for 20 hours |
| 18-Rodriguez-Ramiro et al. (33), 2011 | Caco-2 | Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells | 5 mM | different times | hydroxytyrosol, pretreatment | 5, 10, 20, 40 and 100 µM for 20 hours |
| 19-Sumizawa and Igisu (34), 2009 | SH-SY5Y | Human neuroblastoma cells | 3 and 5 mM | 18 hours | carboxyfullerene, pretreatment | 60 µM for 1 hour |
| 20-Zhang et al. (35), 2009 | HepG2 | Human hepatocarcinoma cells | 5 or 10 mM | 24 hours | hydroxytyrosol, pretreatment | 12.5, 25 and 50 µM for 30 minutes |
| 21-Cao et al. (36), 2008 | HepG2 | Human hepatocarcinoma cells | 2.5 to 20 mM | 24 hours | curcumin- pretreatment | 2.5 μg/ml for 2 hours |
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