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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Sci Technol. 2021 Aug 4;55(16):11155–11165. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01564

Table 3.

Trends in SG-corrected urinary concentrations [ng/mL] in 760 urine samples collected during 2007–2014.

BPA MEPB ETPB PRPB
Characteristics n tau a p-value b tau p-value tau p-value tau p-value
Race/ethnicity
 White (non-Hispanic) 425 −0.07 0.03 −0.19 <0.01 −0.14 <0.01 −0.15 <0.01
 Hispanic 173 −0.18 <0.01 0.02 0.74 0.06 0.24 −0.06 0.23
 Other c 162 −0.14 0.01 −0.15 0.01 0.00 0.95 −0.15 0.01
Pre-pregnancy BMI
 Normal/ underweight 335 −0.08 0.04 −0.15 <0.01 −0.07 0.05 −0.19 <0.01
 Overweight 241 −0.20 <0.01 −0.07 0.09 0.03 0.50 −0.02 0.62
 Obese 172 −0.02 0.68 −0.20 <0.01 −0.15 <0.01 −0.15 <0.01
Education
 Less than college degree 361 −0.14 <0.01 −0.08 0.02 0.01 0.77 −0.08 0.02
 Bachelor’s degree 278 −0.11 0.01 −0.19 <0.01 −0.12 <0.01 −0.16 <0.01
 Graduate or professional degree 121 −0.10 0.12 −0.20 <0.01 −0.16 0.01 −0.18 <0.01
Age at delivery
 ≤ 35 years old 404 −0.13 <0.01 −0.15 <0.01 −0.08 0.02 −0.14 <0.01
 > 35 years old 356 −0.09 0.02 −0.12 <0.01 −0.02 0.56 −0.11 <0.01
Homeownership
 Yes 280 −0.12 <0.01 −0.12 <0.01 −0.10 0.02 −0.09 0.03
 No 466 −0.12 <0.01 −0.13 <0.01 −0.02 0.56 −0.15 <0.01
Parity
 1 49 −0.26 0.01 −0.12 0.24 −0.02 0.84 −0.22 0.02
 >1 697 −0.10 <0.01 −0.14 <0.01 −0.06 0.01 −0.13 <0.01
a

The number of missing values for pre-pregnancy BMI, homeownership, and parity are 12, 14, and 14, respectively.

b

Kendall’s tau from the Mann-Kendall trend test: negative and positive tau represent decrease and increase in urinary concentrations, respectively, over time.

c

P-values from the Mann-Kendall trend test less than 0.05 are highlighted in bold.

d

Includes Black (3%), Asian (18%), and multiracial (3%).