Table 1.
Classification of virus based on their genetic integrity for human specific virions [27].
| Type | Order/class/family | Family/subfamily | Genera | Species | Prominently disease-causing genus | Viral sp. | Disease | Host |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ssDNA | ||||||||
| 1. | Parvoviridae | Densovirinae | 8 | 17 | – | – | – | Insects, shrimps and chordates |
| Hamaparvovirinae | 5 | 13 | – | – | – | – | ||
| Parvovirinae | 10 | > 50 | Erythroparvivirus | Erythrovirus B19 | Erythema infectiosum | Primates | ||
| Dependoparvovirus | Adeno-associated dependoparvovirus A 2 (AAV2) | Defective viruses | Affects humans and other primates with the help of a helper virus | |||||
| 2. | Circoviridae | – | 2 | > 50 | Circovirus | Porcine circovirus | Post weaning multi systemic wasting syndrome | Pigs |
| Cyclovirus | Human associated cyclovirus | Respiratory and neurological infections in humans | Mammals, birds and insects | |||||
| 3. | Anelloviridae | – | 14 | > 50 | Alpha, Beta, Gamma and the tatorquevirus | Torquevirus | May be associated with hepatitis, pulmonary diseases, hematologic disorders, myopathy and lupus | Humans and other primates |
| dsDNA | ||||||||
| 4. | Papovaviricetes | Papillomaviridae | 52 | > 50 | First papillomavirinae | > 100 sp. | HPV – 1 | Humans |
| Second papillomavirinae | ||||||||
| Polyomaviridae | 4 | > 50 | Alpha, beta, delta and gamma polyomaviruses | BK, JC and SV40 viruses | Hemorrhagic cystitis, multifocal leukoencephalopathy | Aves, humans and other primates | ||
| 5. | Rowavirales | Adenoviridae | 5 | > 50 | Mastadeno virus | Human adenovirus Serotypes | Mild respiratory, gastrointestinal and eye infections | Humans, mammals |
| 6. | Herpesvirales | AlloHerpesviridae | 4 | 13 | – | – | – | – |
| Herpesviridae | 13 | > 50 | Betaherpesvirinae |
Cytomegalovirus, Roseolo virus |
HHV5, HHV6 |
Human, monkeys | ||
| MalacoHerpesviridae | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | ||
| 7. | Poxviridae | Chordopoxvirinae | 18 | > 50 | Orthopoxvirus |
Vaccinia virus, Variola virus |
Smallpox, Respiratory diseases and Skin lesions | Human, mammals |
| Eentamopoxvirinae | 4 | > 50 | – | – | – | Insects | ||
| RT Viruses | ||||||||
| 8. | Hepadnaviridae | – | 5 | 18 | Orthohepadnavirus | Hepatitis B virus | Hepatitis, Hepatocellular carcinoma | Human, Mammals |
| 9. | Retroviridae | Orthoretroviridae | 6 | 49 | Lentivirus, aplpharetrovirus, deltaretrovirus |
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 and 2, Avian leukosis virus, Bovine leukemia virus |
AIDS, Malignancies, | Vertebrates |
| Spumaretrovirinae | 5 | 19 | Simiispumavirus | Simian foamy virus | Life-long persistent infections | Humans and mammals | ||
| dsRNA | ||||||||
| 10. | Reoviridae | Spinareovirinae | 9 | > 50 | Orthoreovirus | Mammalian orthoreovirus | Respiratory tract disease, gastroenteritis, biliary atresia | Mammals |
| ssRNA | ||||||||
| 11. | Coronaviridae | Letovirinae | 1 | 1 | – | – | ||
| Orthocoronavirinae | 4 | > 50 |
Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus Gammacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus |
CoV Strains | Mainly respiratory diseases (pneumonia) and gastroenteritis | Vertebrates | ||
| 12. | Picornavirales | Picornaviridae | 63 | > 50 | Enteroviruses | Poliovirus | Paralysis (non-polio, polio-type) | Human and Mammals |
| Aphthoviruses | Foot-and-mouth disease virus | Hand-foot-and-mouth disease | Mammals | |||||
| 13. | Articulavirales | Orthomyxoviridae | 7 | 9 | Influenza A virus | H1N1 | Acute febrile respiratory tract infection | Aquatic birds, Human, Pig, Horse, Seals |
| 14. | Bunyavirales | Hantaviridae | 7 | 45 | Hantaanorthohantavirus | Hantavirus | hemorrhagic fever, renal syndrome, pulmonary syndrome |
Humans and rodents |
| 15. | Mononegavirales | Paramyxoviridae | 14 | > 50 | Rubulavirus |
Measles morbillivirus, Mumps rubulavirus |
Measles and mumps | Humans, Apes, Pigs, Dogs |
| Rhabdoviridae | 30 | > 50 | Lyssavirus | Rabies lyssavirus | Fatal encephalitis | Humans and mammals | ||
| Pneumoviridae | 2 | 5 |
Metapneumovirus, Orthopneumovirus |
Human respiratory syncytial virus | Respiratory tract diseases | Human, cattle, rodents, birds | ||
| Filoviridae | 6 | 11 | Ebolavirus | Zaire ebolavirus | Hemorragic fever | Bats, Humans, primates | ||
| 16. | Unassigned | Deltavirus | 1 | 1 | Hepatitis delta virus | HDV | Hepatitis | Human, snakes, Birds |