Figure 6.

PSF-SOD1 inhibits CP-induced ROS production and JNK/p38 MAPK pathway activation. VERO cells were pretreated with PSF-SOD1, TAT-SOD1, and SOD1 for 1 h and then exposed to CP. (a) Images were acquired using a fluorescence microscope. (b) ROS-positive cells were quantified using flow cytometry. (c, d) Western blot analysis was performed using antibodies against p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38. ^##p < 0.01 and ^###p < 0.001 compared with control cells. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 compared with the cells exposed to CP. ^$p < 0.05 compared with TAT-SOD1-treated cells.