Table 2.

Summary of in vitro studies.

Phytocompounds	In vitro model	Results	References
Quercetin	Jurkat cells	Antioxidant properties Mitochondria protective effect	[152, 153]
Resveratrol	Endothelial cells	Stimulate SIRT1/PGC-1α and increase of mitochondria biogenesis	[155]
Resveratrol	C2C12 cells	AMPK activation and increase of mitochondria biogenesis	[156]
Sulforaphane	Ischemia induced in normal noncancerous cells	Preserve mitochondrial functions and increase of its biogenesis	[157, 158]
Quercetin, rutin, and resveratrol	Indomethacin-induced Caco-2 cells	Prevent the ATP	[159]
Green tea polyphenols	Cortical neurons	Antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties	[160]
Baicalin, baicalein, and wogonin isolated from S. baicalensis	Primary culture rat central neurons	Antioxidative properties, increased cell viability, reduced intracellular calcium ions and nitric oxide production	[161]
Phlorofucofuroeckol	Glutamate-induced toxicity in PC12 cells	Improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction	[162]