Table 3.

Summary of in vivo studies.

Phytocompounds	In vivo model	Results	References
Bisphenol A	Different ASD animal models	Modulates the function of the reproductive system, metabolism, and brain functions	[164]
Green tea	ASD mice model	Neuroprotective and antioxidant properties, and improvement of behavior	[166]
Piperine	ASD murine model	Antioxidant, neuroprotective, anxiolytic, and cognition-enhancing effects	[167–169]
Resveratrol	VPA-induced ASD rats	Activates sirtuins and decreases IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and T cells	[80, 173]
Resveratrol	Propanoic acid-induced ASD rats	Reduces neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative/nitrosative stress	[81]
Curcumin	ASD rats	Increases GSH levels and reduces inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative/nitrosative stress	[73, 176]
B. monnieri	ASD murine model	Improvement of behavior and antioxidant, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties	[181]
Ginsenoside-rich extract	ASD mice model	Improvement of behavior and locomotor activity	[83]
Co-ultra-PEA-LUT	ASD murine model	Reduces proimflammatory markers (nitrotyrosine and NF-κB), improves neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, and modulates apoptosis	[186]
PEA	BTBR T+tf/J mice	Reduces mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory effects Improvement of behavior, PPAR-α activation Microbiota-gut-brain axis regulation	[187]