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. 2021 Aug 30;11:17329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96841-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic diagram of the mechanism of PBM in solving post-thawing trauma. The green color inside the mitochondria is a CCO that is activated during 950 nm NIR irradiation. The cyan circle is a nucleus in which ATP acts as a transcription factor to regulate mRNA expression. Red is ROS scavenger-related mRNA and blue is apoptosis-related mRNA.