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. 2021 Aug 30;12(9):823. doi: 10.1038/s41419-021-04108-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A One hour after transfection of the cytotoxic tRF, total proteins were collected and analyzed by proteomics. The results of GO and KEGG analysis were shown. Four independent samples were collected for each treatment. These samples were treated as a group to compare between groups. The enriched biological processes and pathways are indicated on the graph. B Three hours after glutamate treatment with or without Exp pep or DM pep pretreatment, total proteins were collected and analyzed by proteomics. Trial n = 3. The heat map showed reduced protein level after glutamate treatment, and Exp pep (but not DM pep) rescued the protein level reduction. C The result of the GO analysis was showed for the downregulated protein after glutamate treatment. D Mitochondrial fragmentation in neuronal necrosis. Forty minutes after glutamate treatment with or without pretreatment of Exp pep or DM pep, the primary neurons were fixed and immune-stained with TOM20 to label mitochondria. The number of neurons displayed with fragmented mitochondria were determined. Trial n = 4. For each treatment, 15 randomly selected fields were examined for each trial.