Table 2.
The expression patterns, functions, and mechanisms of cardiac mitochondrial dynamics-related non-coding RNAs in cardiac diseases
| Name | Disease model | Levels during disease | Effects on disease | Effects on MF | Mechanism | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miRNAs | ||||||
| miR-499 | cardiac I/R | down | protect | ↓ | suppresses calcineurin-mediated dephosphorylation of Drp1, thereby decreasing Drp1 accumulation | 268 |
| miR-484 | cardiac A/R and I/R | down | protect | ↓ | attenuates the expression of Fis1, which can induce MF | 269 |
| miR-29a-3p | cardiomyocyte hypertrophy | down | protect | ↓ | targets Drp1 and prevents MF and apoptosis | 195 |
| miR-20b | cardiac hypertrophy | up | induce | ↑ | inhibits Mfn2, which can prevent MF and apoptosis | 198 |
| miR-155-5p | acute MI | up | protect | ↓ | targets the Cab39/AMPK signaling pathway and promotes the expression of Mfn2, p53, and p21 and reduces p-Drp1 | 270 |
| miR-140 | cardiac A/R and I/R | up | induce | ↑ | targets Mfn1, which can induce mitochondrial fusion | 147 |
| miR-324-5p | cardiac A/R and I/R | down | protect | ↓ | suppresses Mtfr1 translation and attenuates MF and apoptosis | 271 |
| miR-761 | cardiac I/R | down | protect | ↓ | represses the expression of Mff, which can induce MF and apoptosis. | 272 |
| miR-30 family (miR-30a/b/c) | H2O2-induced stress | down | protect | ↓ | suppresses the expression of p53, which transcriptionally activates Drp1 | 273 |
| miR-361 | cardiac I/R | up | induce | ↑ | targets prohibitin, which can inhibit MF and apoptosis | 274 |
| miR-532-3p | DOX cardiotoxicity | up | induce | ↑ | represses ARC, which can prevent MF and apoptosis. | 275 |
| miR-129-3p | cardiac hypertrophy | up | protect | ↓ | decreases PKIA activity and prevents MF by targeting Drp. | 196 |
| miR-485-5p | cardiac hypertrophy | down | protect | ↓ | represses mitochondrial-anchored protein ligase (MAPL), which impair its repression on Mfn2 | 197 |
| miR-499-5p | DOX cardiotoxicity | down | protect | ↓ | prevents MF and apoptosis by targeting p21 | 276 |
| miR-153-3p | cardiac hypertrophy | up | induce | ↑ | induces MF by suppressing Mfn-1 expression during cardiac hypertrophy | 199 |
| lncRNAs | ||||||
| CARL | cardiac anoxia | down | protect | ↓ | prevents MF and apoptosis by repressing miR-539-dependent downregulation of prohibitin subunit 2 | 277 |
| Mdrl | cardiac I/R | down | protect | ↓ | targets the miR-361-miR-484 axis; it binds to miR-361 and releases the inhibition of miR-484 expression | 278 |
| circRNAs | ||||||
| MFACR | cardiac I/R | up | protect | ↓ | acts as sponge to miR-652-3p, which suppresses Mtp18 expression, thereby attenuating MF, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis | 98 |
MF, mitochondrial fission; I/R, ischemia/reperfusion; A/R, anoxia/reoxygenation; MI, myocardial infarction; CARL, cardiac apoptosis-related lncRNA; Mdrl, mitochondrial dynamic-related lncRNA; MFACR, mitochondrial fission and apoptosis-related circRNA.