MmuPV1 E7 does not efficiently activate E2F-regulated genes. Shown is expression of E2F target genes, cyclin E2 (CCNE2), minichromosome maintenance complex components 2 and 7 (MCM2, MCM7), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in immortalized human foreskin keratinocytes (iHFKs) (A) or in primary mouse keratinocytes (MK) (B) transduced with control vector (C), MmuPV1 E7 (M E7), or HPV16 E7 (16 E7) as determined by quantitative reverse transcription-coupled PCR analysis (****, P < 0.001; ***, P < 0.005; n.s., not significant).