FIGURE 6.

FIGURESix‐shogaol (6Sh) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Nalm‐6 cell line. A, Nalm‐6 cells were treated with 200 µmol/L 6Sh for 9.5 h, then stained with 40 µmol/L 2'7'‐Dichloro‐fluorescin diacetate (DCFH‐DA) for 15 min in dark followed by adding 500‐μL ice‐cold PBS. Cells were then subjected to flow cytometry. 60 mmol/L H₂O₂ was used as positive control. Results showed a 50% generation of ROS in cells treated with 6Sh compared with those treated with vehicle. B, The inhibitory effect of N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC), an ROS scavenger, on the cytotoxic impact of 6‐shogaol (6Sh). Nalm‐6 cells were primarily treated with 200 µmol/L 6Sh in the presence or absence of 15 mmol/L NAC for 96 h. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay. Values are given as the mean ± SEM of two independent experiments performed in triplicates. Black = cells treated with the 6Sh vehicle, green = cells treated with 6Sh, red = cells treated with H₂O₂. *P < .05 and ***P < .001