Table 1.

Applied methods and targeted analytes for the detection of COVID-19.

Methods	Analyte	Detection time	Sensitivity	Accuracy	DOL	Advantages	Reference
RT-PCR	RNA	75 min	–	–	10 copies/reaction	Specific	[56]
PCR	DNA	–	91%	93%	2 copies/reaction	specific	[60]
RT-PCR	C2CA	100 min	100%		0.4 fM	specific	[62]
ELISA	IgG/IgM	–	89.6%	–	–	Portable, fast	[29]
ELISA	IgG/IgM	30 min	85.4%	98.6%	1 copies/μL	Portable, fast	[66]
MS	DNA	3 h	–	–	105 copies	specific	[69]
MS	DNA	24–48 h	–	–	155–106 copies/μL	Specific	[71]
CLIA	IgG/IgM	–	–	81.5%	–	Fast, portable	[74]
CLIA	DNA	–	100%	87%	–	Specific, fast, portable	[75]
LFIA	IgG/IgM	–	–	–	1 × 104 Pfu	Sensitive	[83]
LFIA	IgG/IgM	–	100%	–	–	sensitive	[26]
LAMP	DNA	–	97.6%	–	0.2–47 ng/μL	Specific, portable	[94]
LSPR	IgG/IgM	2 h	–	–	0.08 ng/mL	sensitive	[103]
LSPR	RNA	–	3.2 copies	–	0.22 pM	Specific, sensitive	[104]
FET	antibody	–	–	–	16 Pfu/μL	Specific, sensitive	[107]
electrochemical	DNA	–	–	–	200 copies/mL	Sensitive, fast, portable, specific	[101]
electrochemical	IgG/IgM	–	100%	–	1 ng/mL	Sensitive, fast	[131]
electrochemical	IgG/IgM	–	0.0048 μAμgmL−1cm−2	–	1.68 × 10−22 μg/mL	Sensitive, fast	[132]
electrochemical	IgG/IgM	–	–	–	19 ng/mL	Sensitive, fast, portable	[134]