Knaefelc 2003.

Study characteristics
Patient Sampling	Memory clinic attenders over a 10‐year period
Patient characteristics and setting	Memory clinic based in a geriatric hospital in Melbourne Australia, n = 323
Index tests	IQCODE 16 item, English language
Target condition and reference standard(s)	Clinical dementia diagnosis using DSM‐IV
Flow and timing	Of 519 potential participants; 426 had both assessments; 103 were excluded as they were non‐English speakers. Index test was administered independent from reference standard. Clinical diagnosis (reference standard) was made by a geriatrician and a psychiatrist, without knowledge of index test result.
Comparative
Notes
Methodological quality
Item	Authors' judgement	Risk of bias	Applicability concerns
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled?	Unclear
Was a case‐control design avoided?	Yes
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions?	Yes
Could the selection of patients have introduced bias?		Low risk
Are there concerns that the included patients and setting do not match the review question?			Low concern
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition?	Yes
Could the reference standard, its conduct, or its interpretation have introduced bias?		Low risk
Are there concerns that the target condition as defined by the reference standard does not match the question?			Unclear
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard?	Unclear
Were all patients included in the analysis?	Unclear
Could the patient flow have introduced bias?		High risk