Table 5.
Impact of Positive Affect on Appetitive Risk Cognitions and Behavior
| k | d | 95% CI | p | Q | p (Q) | I2 | Tau2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||
| Positive affective states (all) | ||||||||
| Behavior | 41 | *0.08 | −0.22, 0.39 | .592 | 264.78 | <.001 | 84.89 | 0.78 |
| Intentions | 22 | *0.08 | −0.10, 0.25 | .392 | 39.38 | .009 | 46.68 | 0.08 |
| Craving | 5 | 0.41 | −0.26, 1.08 | .226 | 26.66 | <.001 | 85.00 | 0.48 |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 19 | *−0.10 | −0.27, 0.07 | .238 | 30.43 | .033 | 40.86 | 0.06 |
| Implicit evaluations/ attention | 12 | 0.02 | −0.17, 0.21 | .807 | 10.56 | .480 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Perceived behavioral control | 3 | 0.30 | −0.13, 0.73 | .168 | 2.82 | .244 | 29.01 | 0.05 |
| Information seeking | 5 | 0.09 | −0.37, 0.56 | .694 | 6.83 | .145 | 41.46 | 0.11 |
| Positive mood | ||||||||
| Behavior | 13 | 0.24 | −0.05, 0.52 | .104 | 20.39 | .040 | 46.05 | 0.11 |
| Craving | 2 | 0.75 | −0.59, 2.08 | .272 | 15.27 | <.001 | 93.45 | 0.87 |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 4 | 0.02 | −0.28, 0.33 | .879 | 1.23 | .772 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Implicit evaluations/ attention | 7 | −0.13 | −0.38, 0.12 | .308 | 2.36 | .853 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Perceived behavioral control | 1 | 0.54 | 0.13, 0.95 | .009 | - | - | - | - |
| Amusement | ||||||||
| Behavior | 15 | *−0.05 | −0.47, 0.37 | .818 | 58.70 | <.001 | 76.15 | 0.45 |
| Intentions | 2 | 0.98 | 0.43, 1.53 | <.001 | 1.13 | .288 | 11.47 | 0.02 |
| Craving | 2 | 0.42 | −0.15, 1.00 | .149 | 0.04 | .846 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Implicit evaluations/ attention | 3 | 0.33 | −0.00, 0.66 | .052 | 1.33 | .514 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Information seeking | 1 | −0.39 | −0.75, 0.03 | .032 | - | - | - | - |
| Contentment | ||||||||
| Behavior | 1 | 0.23 | −0.75, 1.22 | .645 | - | - | - | - |
| Intentions | 2 | −0.01 | −0.43, 0.41 | .961 | 0.00 | .961 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Craving | 1 | −0.25 | −0.71, 0.21 | .286 | - | - | - | - |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 3 | −0.23 | −0.54, 0.09 | .154 | 1.37 | .503 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Happiness | ||||||||
| Behavior | 5 | 0.00 | −0.42, 0.42 | .995 | 6.41 | .170 | 37.61 | 0.09 |
| Intentions | 12 | 0.02 | −0.15, 0.19 | .824 | 5.60 | .899 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 10 | −0.07 | −0.37, 0.24 | .674 | 21.15 | .012 | 57.45 | 0.13 |
| Implicit evaluations/ attention | 2 | −0.11 | −0.95, 0.73 | .802 | 1.75 | .186 | 42.75 | 0.16 |
| Information seeking | 2 | 0.38 | −0.31, 1.07 | .277 | 0.09 | .761 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Hope | ||||||||
| Intentions | 2 | 0.05 | −0.26, 0.35 | .773 | 0.78 | .376 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 2 | −0.08 | −0.74, 0.59 | .820 | 3.27 | .057 | 72.43 | 0.17 |
| Information seeking | 2 | 0.38 | −0.30, 1.07 | .275 | 0.42 | .518 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Pride | ||||||||
| Behavior | 7 | 0.39 | −1.45, 2.23 | .676 | 165.76 | <.001 | 96.38 | 5.80 |
| Intentions | 6 | 0.04 | −0.58, 0.66 | .889 | 20.75 | .001 | 75.90 | 0.45 |
| Attitudes/ evaluations/ expectancies | 5 | −0.20 | −0.70, 0.30 | .429 | 14.70 | .005 | 72.78 | 0.22 |
| Implicit evaluations/ attention | 2 | −0.11 | −0.95, 0.73 | .802 | 1.75 | .186 | 42.75 | 0.16 |
| Surprise | ||||||||
| Intentions | 2 | −0.09 | −0.45, 0.26 | .605 | 0.14 | .712 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
Note: When an outcome is not listed under a particular affective state, this indicates that no studies targeting that affective state assessed that outcome. Significant overall effect sizes are bolded. Significant overall effect sizes are bolded. Asterisks indicate main effects with at least one significant moderator.