Ali Habib HS 2013.

Methods	Prospective randomised trial Dates the study was conducted: not reported Funding sources and potential conflicts of interest: funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research, (DSR), King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, under grant number (332/140/1431). The authors, therefore, acknowledge with thanks DSR for technical and financial support. The authors declare no conflicts of interest Definition of compliance: evaluated by counting the number of tablets returned
Participants	Number and type of participants: 18 H.pylori‐positive children were enrolled in the study Participants were randomised to 4 different treatment groups (groups A to D). Group A was administered a quadruple therapy and group C a quinolone‐based triple therapy (which were not of interest in this review) Groups B and D were of interest. Group B consisted of a 10‐day standard triple regimen and group D consisted of a 10‐day sequential regimen Number of participants randomised: 18 (each group had the same number of participants) Number of participants in the 10‐day STT arm, ITT analysis: 9 Number of participants in the 10‐day SEQ arm, ITT analysis: 9 Number of participants in the 10‐day STT arm, PP analysis: 9 Number of participants in the 10‐day SEQ arm, PP analysis: 7 Country: Saudi Arabia Average age (standard deviation) of the population in years reported by treatment group: not reported ‐ but authors mentioned adults participants were included Sex (M/F) per treatment group, n (%): only men and boys in both groups Medical condition at baseline: all participants were NUD H. pylori diagnostic method: culture of endoscopy biopsies (both from the antrum ant corpus). RUT was applied to the biopsies
Interventions	Name, dose timing of antibiotics in 10‐day STT: rabeprazole 20 mg twice a day + clarithromycin 250 mg twice a day + amoxicillin 500 mg twice a day (during 10 days) Name, dose timing of antibiotics in 10‐day SEQ: rabeprazole 20 mg twice a day + amoxicillin 500 mg twice a day (during 5 days) and rabeprazole 20 mg twice a day + clarithromycin 250 mg twice a day + tinidazole 500 mg twice a day (during 5 days) Sensitivity test (yes/no) to antibiotics before/after treatment: not reported Method of assessment of H. pylori status after treatment: UBT Time for assessment of H. pylori status after treatment: 6 weeks
Outcomes	ITT eradication rate (%) by treatment group: 10‐day STT: 5/9 (55.6) 10‐day SEQ: 4/9 (44.4) PP eradication rate (%) by treatment group: 10‐day STT: 5/9 (55.6) 10‐day SEQ: 4/7 (57.1) Metronidazole resistance (%) before treatment, SEQ ITT/PP: not reported Metronidazole resistance (%) before treatment, STT ITT/PP: not reported Clarithromycin resistance (%) before treatment, SEQ ITT/PP: not reported Clarithromycin resistance (%) before treatment, STT ITT/PP: not reported Compliance in ITT sample SEQ/STT: 2 boys from the SEQ group were poorly compliant, considered drop‐outs and excluded Incidence of AEs per treatment group: not reported WIthdrawals due to AEs: not reported. Incidence (%) serious AEs SEQ/STT: not reported
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Participants were randomised in 1:1 groups; the method of randomisation is not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The method of allocation is not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Primary outcomes are not clearly reported in an ITT analysis
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No information regarding blinding
Publication format	Low risk	Full article