Yan 2011.

Methods	Multiple‐centre (Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou), prospective, randomised, controlled trial Dates the study was conducted: not reported Funding sources and potential conflicts of interest: no information reported Definition of compliance: not reported
Participants	Number and type of participants: 624 H.pylori‐positive participants were enrolled in the study Participants were randomised to 2 different treatment groups: 10‐day standard triple regimen and 10‐day sequential regimen Number of participants randomised: 622 (ITT sample) Number of participants in the 10‐day STT arm: 281 Number of participants in the 10‐day SEQ arm: 341 PP sample: not reported Country: China Average age (SD) of the population in years: not reported Sex (M/F) of the population: not reported Authors reported that there were no differences in age or BMI between treatment groups Medical condition at baseline: not reported H. pylori diagnostic methods in all treatment arms: histopathology Warthin‐Starry (WS) stain and RUT
Interventions	Participants randomised to the SEQ group were administered tinidazole Length of STT (days): 10 Name, dose timing of antibiotics in 10‐day STT: esomeprazole 20 mg twice a day + clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day + amoxicillin 1 g twice a day (during 10 days) Name, dose timing of antibiotics in 10‐day SEQ: esomeprazole 20 mg twice a day + amoxicillin 1 g twice a day (during 5 days) and esomeprazole 20 mg twice a day + clarithromycin 500 mg twice a day + tinidazole 500 mg twice a day (during 5 days) (Total: 10 days) Sensitivity test (yes/no) to antibiotics before/after treatment: not reported Method of assessment of H. pylori status both before and after treatment: ¹³C‐UBT and histology WS stain Time for assessment of H. pylori status after treatment: 4 ‐ 12 weeks
Outcomes	ITT eradication rate (%) by treatment group: 10‐day STT: 220 / 293 (75.1) 10‐day SEQ: 185 / 246 (75.2) PP eradication (%) by treatment group were not reported Metronidazole resistance (%) before treatment, SEQ ITT/PP: not reported Metronidazole resistance (%) before treatment, STT ITT/PP: not reported Clarithromycin resistance (%) before treatment, SEQ ITT/PP: not reported Clarithromycin resistance (%) before treatment, STT ITT/PP: not reported Compliance: not reported Incidence of AEs at PP analysis in the total population: not reported Incidence (%) serious AEs SEQ / STT: not reported
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	The study was reported as "randomised", no additional information was given
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Risk is unclear
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Risk is unclear
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Risk is unclear
Publication format	High risk	Abstract