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. 2021 Aug 31;22:633. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07939-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Selected examples of halogenation reactions catalyzed by different classes of microbial enzymes, with a focus on cyanobacterial halogenases. a Chlorination of carrier protein-bound or free-standing aliphatic substrates by the nonheme iron/2OG-dependent halogenases CurA and WelO5; b Chlorination and bromination of electron-rich substrates by the flavin-dependent halogenases PrnA, Bmp5 and McnD; c Chlorination of terminal or mid-chain alkyl positions by dimetal-carboxylate halogenases CylC, ColD/ColE, ClyC/ClyD and BrtJ. An asterisk denotes that the enzyme has been biochemically characterized. ACP – acyl carrier protein