Table 5.
Association of AA exposure with risk of NAFLD in non-smokers (n = 2620)
| HbAA | HbGA | HbGA/HbAA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | Ptrend | OR (95%CI) | Ptrend | OR (95%CI) | Ptrend | |
| Model 1 | 0.006 | 0.111 | < 0.001 | |||
| Q1 (reference) | ||||||
| Q2 | 0.80 (0.64–1.00) | 0.93 (0.74–1.15) | 1.86 (1.38–2.50) | |||
| Q3 | 0.78 (0.58–1.05) | 1.12 (0.93–1.34) | 2.63 (1.93–3.59) | |||
| Q4 | 0.57 (0.40–0.82) | 1.20 (0.88–1.64) | 3.42 (2.40–4.87) | |||
| Model 2 | 0.004 | 0.205 | < 0.001 | |||
| Q1 (reference) | ||||||
| Q2 | 0.79 (0.62–1.00) | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 1.85 (1.34–2.56) | |||
| Q3 | 0.72 (0.52–0.99) | 1.08 (0.87–1.34) | 2.61 (1.85–3.68) | |||
| Q4 | 0.54 (0.36–0.81) | 1.18 (0.84–1.65) | 3.64 (2.44–5.44) | |||
| Model 3 | 0.014 | 0.325 | < 0.001 | |||
| Q1 (reference) | ||||||
| Q2 | 0.79 (0.63–0.99) | 0.79 (0.60–1.04) | 1.77 (1.26–2.49) | |||
| Q3 | 0.72 (0.52–0.99) | 0.95 (0.76–1.18) | 2.54 (1.71–3.75) | |||
| Q4 | 0.57 (0.36–0.88) | 1.08 (0.80–1.45) | 3.31 (2.18–5.03) | |||
Quartiles of HbAA: Q1, ≤ 35.00 pmol/g Hb; Q2, 35.00 < HbAA ≤ 44.20 pmol/g Hb; Q3, 44.20 < HbAA ≤ 55.60 pmol/g Hb; and Q4, > 55.60 pmol/g Hb
Quartiles of HbGA: Q1, ≤ 30.30 pmol/g Hb; Q2, 30.30 < HbGA ≤ 41.00 pmol/g Hb; Q3, 41.00 < HbGA ≤ 55.50 pmol/g Hb; and Q4, > 55.50 pmol/g Hb
Quartiles of HbGA/HbAA: Q1, ≤ 0.768; Q2, 0.768 < HbGA/HbAA ≤ 0.926; Q3, 0.926 < HbGA/HbAA ≤ 1.118; and Q4, > 1.118
Model 1 was adjusted for demographic factors (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education levels, family PIR, and marital status)
Model 2 was adjusted for model 1 plus total fat intake and total energy intake
Model 3 was further adjusted for model 2 plus biochemistry factors (serum albumin, LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and blood platelet count)