FIG. 1.

DNA sequences of the huIFN-β and muIFN-β promoters spanning from the TATA box to position −210, as described by Vodjdani et al. (41) and Thanos and Maniatis (36). PRDI, PRDII, PRDIII, and PRDIV, corresponding to the huVRE and containing the DNA binding sites of transcription factors NF-κB (p50 and p65 subunits), IRF-1, and ATF-2/c-Jun and the binding sites of HMGI protein, are indicated as they have been determined on the human promoter. The regions (a, b, c, and d) of the murine promoter protected by HMGI protein during DNase I and hydroxyl radical footprinting reactions are indicated. Open bars indicate regions protected by HMGI protein during DNase I footprinting only in the absence of competitor DNA. Closed bars indicate regions that remained protected by HMGI protein during DNase I footprinting in the presence of competitor DNA. Open circles indicate bases protected by HMGI protein during hydroxyl radical footprinting only in the absence of competitor DNA. Closed circles indicate bases that remained protected by HMGI protein during hydroxyl radical footprinting in the presence of competitor DNA.