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. 2016 Aug 9;2016(8):CD003380. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003380.pub4

Comparison 1. Psychological intervention versus any comparison.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Depressive diagnosis (by population) post‐intervention 20 3232 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.05 [‐0.08, ‐0.02]
1.1 Targeted 13 2022 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.06 [‐0.10, ‐0.02]
1.2 Universal 7 1210 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.08, 0.00]
2 Depressive diagnosis short‐term follow‐up 6 724 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.11, 0.03]
2.1 Targeted 4 360 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.19, ‐0.02]
2.2 Universal 2 364 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.03 [‐0.04, 0.10]
3 Depressive diagnosis medium‐term follow‐up 32 5965 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.05, ‐0.01]
3.1 Targeted 22 3915 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.07, ‐0.01]
3.2 Universal 10 2050 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.03, 0.01]
4 Depressive diagnosis long‐term follow‐up 10 1769 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.02 [‐0.05, 0.02]
4.1 Targeted 6 1043 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.09, 0.03]
4.2 Universal 4 726 Risk Difference (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.03, 0.02]
5 Depression symptoms (by population) post‐intervention 73 13829 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐0.27, ‐0.15]
5.1 Targeted 42 4816 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.32 [‐0.42, ‐0.23]
5.2 Universal 31 9013 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.17, ‐0.05]
6 Depression symptoms short‐term follow‐up 16 1558 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.31 [‐0.45, ‐0.17]
6.1 Targeted 11 999 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.37 [‐0.54, ‐0.20]
6.2 Universal 5 559 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.18 [‐0.37, 0.01]
7 Depression symptoms medium‐term follow‐up 53 11913 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.18, ‐0.05]
7.1 Targeted 29 4448 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.23 [‐0.33, ‐0.12]
7.2 Universal 24 7465 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.02 [‐0.08, 0.03]
8 Depression symptoms long‐term follow‐up 15 3836 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐0.06, 0.06]
8.1 Targeted 7 847 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.05 [‐0.21, 0.11]
8.2 Universal 8 2989 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [‐0.06, 0.09]
9 Depression symptoms clinician‐rated (by population) post‐intervention 11 2175 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.23 [‐0.41, ‐0.05]
9.1 Targeted 10 1340 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.28 [‐0.44, ‐0.11]
9.2 Universal 1 835 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.07 [‐0.06, 0.21]
10 Depression symptoms clinician‐rated medium‐term follow‐up 9 1754 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐0.24, 0.07]
10.1 Targeted 8 968 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.30, 0.09]
10.2 Universal 1 786 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.00 [‐0.14, 0.14]
11 Depression symptoms clinician‐rated long‐term follow‐up 6 894 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.25, 0.01]
11.1 Targeted 6 894 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.25, 0.01]
12 Anxiety symptoms (by population) post‐intervention 23 5017 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.07 [‐0.16, 0.02]
12.1 Targeted 13 1666 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.31, 0.04]
12.2 Universal 10 3351 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.13, 0.05]
13 Anxiety symptoms (by population) short‐term follow‐up 3 334 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.33 [‐0.59, ‐0.07]
13.1 Targeted 3 334 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.33 [‐0.59, ‐0.07]
14 Anxiety symptoms (by population) medium‐term follow‐up 18 4957 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐0.14, ‐0.01]
14.1 Targeted 10 1827 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.07 [‐0.18, 0.04]
14.2 Universal 8 3130 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.09 [‐0.17, ‐0.01]
15 Anxiety symptoms (by population) long‐term follow‐up 5 971 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.15 [‐0.44, 0.14]
15.1 Targeted 2 293 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐0.43, 0.03]
15.2 Universal 3 678 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.61, 0.40]
16 Social and general functioning (by population) post‐intervention 10 2067 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.24 [0.06, 0.41]
16.1 Targeted 9 1021 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.27 [0.04, 0.50]
16.2 Universal 1 1046 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.16 [0.04, 0.28]
17 Social and general functioning (by population) short‐term follow‐up 1 40 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.81 [0.12, 1.49]
17.1 Targeted 1 40 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.81 [0.12, 1.49]
17.2 Universal 0 0 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
18 Social and general functioning (by population) medium‐term follow‐up 11 2449 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.15 [0.02, 0.28]
18.1 Targeted 9 1058 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.19 [0.00, 0.38]
18.2 Universal 2 1391 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [‐0.01, 0.20]
19 Social and general functioning (by population) long‐term follow‐up 4 744 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.16, 0.14]
19.1 Targeted 3 342 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.22, 0.21]
19.2 Universal 1 402 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.21, 0.19]