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. 2016 Aug 9;2016(8):CD003380. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003380.pub4

Puskar 2003.

Methods Design: RCT
Conducted by the team who developed the intervention: yes
Participants Description: targeted
Cut‐point for inclusion for indicated studies: RADS ≥ 60.0
What risk was basis of inclusion for selected studies: N/A
Diagnostic interview to exclude those with current or previous depression: not undertaken
Baseline severity of depression: RADS: 70.3 (mild)
 
Mean age: 16.0
Age range: 14.1 to 18.3
Percentage male: 18.0%
Setting: school
 
State what psychiatric diagnoses were excluded: exclusion criteria not specified
Suicide risk excluded: exclusion criteria not specified
Parents with history of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder excluded: exclusion criteria not specified
 
Country: USA
Interventions Broad category: CBT (for further information on intervention components, see Table 3)
Manualised: yes
Online: no
Name of programme: Teaching Kids to Cope
Number of sessions: 10 sessions
Length of sessions: 45 minutes
Intensity (total number of hours): 7.5 hours
Duration of treatment period: 10 weeks
Group size: unclear
Delivered by: mental health experts
Fidelity: assessed as adequate
Type of comparison: TAU. No further description provided.
Outcomes Diagnosis: N/A
Name of self‐report depression measure: RADS
Name of clinical report depression measure: N/A
Name of anxiety measure: N/A
Name of general functioning measure: N/A
Assessment points: post‐intervention, 12 months (medium‐term)
Notes Author contacted for methodological detail: no
Author contacted for treatment manual: yes (not provided)
Author contacted for outcome data: no
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk "... equal allocation using permuted block randomization within school sites..." (p.74)
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk No information specified
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 Subjects High risk The nature of the trial suggests it is unlikely participants could have been blind to the fact they were allocated to treatment as usual. However, without access to the participant information sheets and PLS, level of blinding cannot be ascertained.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 Assessors Unclear risk All outcomes self‐reported. Assessor blinding therefore not applicable.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Proportion of participants with incomplete post‐intervention self‐reported depression scores: 7.9%
Means and SDs used in meta‐analysis based on what data: observed cases
Intention‐to‐treat analyses: repeated measures analysis using mixed modelling methods
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk Protocol not available
Other bias High risk Trial conducted by those who developed the intervention
Implementation integrity Low risk Implementation integrity assessed: yes
Implementation integrity adequate: yes
Implementation integrity reported: yes