Rose 2014.
Methods | Design: cluster‐RCT Conducted by the team who developed the intervention: yes (specifically, PIR component) |
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Participants | Description: universal Cut‐point for inclusion for indicated studies: N/A What risk was basis of inclusion for selected studies: N/A Diagnostic interview to exclude those with current or previous depression: not undertaken Baseline severity of depression: CDI: 8.2 (sub‐threshold) Mean age: 12.2 Age range: 9‐14 Percentage male: 56.0% Setting: school State what psychiatric diagnoses were excluded: exclusion criteria not specified Suicide risk excluded: exclusion criteria not specified Parents with history of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder excluded: exclusion criteria not specified Country: Australia |
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Interventions | Broad category: CBT (for further information on intervention components, see Table 3) Manualised: yes Online: no Name of programme: RAP plus Peer Interpersonal Relatedness (PIR) Number of sessions: 20 sessions Length of sessions: 50 minutes Intensity (total number of hours): 16.7 hours Duration of treatment period: 20 weeks Group size: 6 to 12 Delivered by: students Fidelity: assessed as adequate Type of comparison: AP |
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Outcomes | Diagnosis: established from scores on the major depression subscale of the DISCAP Name of self‐report depression measure: CDI and RADS‐2. Scores on the CDI will be extracted in preference in the present review. Name of clinical report depression measure: N/A Name of anxiety measure: N/A Name of general functioning measure: N/A Assessment points: post‐intervention and approx. 9 months (medium‐term) |
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Notes | Author contacted for methodological detail: no Author contacted for treatment manual: yes (not provided) Author contacted for outcome data: yes (not provided) |
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Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "...randomly assigned..." (p.512) Method of randomisation not specified, however |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No information specified |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Subjects | Low risk | The nature of the trial suggests it is likely participants could have remained blind to the fact they were allocated to a placebo control group. However, without access to the participant information sheets and PLS, level of blinding cannot be ascertained. |
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Assessors | Unclear risk | Diagnostic interviews were "...administered by a senior clinical psychologist who was unaware of the experimental conditions" (p.513). However, primary outcomes are self‐reported. Assessor blinding therefore not applicable. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Proportion of participants with incomplete post‐intervention self‐reported depression scores: 1.4% (for RAP‐PIR and control groups) Means and SDs used in meta‐analysis based on what data: hierarchical linear modelling which the authors explain "...can accommodate missing data..." (p.514) Intention‐to‐treat analyses: N/A |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Protocol not available |
Other bias | High risk | Trial conducted by those who developed the PIR intervention |
Implementation integrity | Low risk | Implementation integrity assessed: yes Implementation integrity adequate: yes Implementation integrity reported: yes |