Long 1991.

Methods	Randomized Multicenter Blinding of randomization: Yes (opaque, sealed envelopes Blinding of intervention: Yes (Drug administration team) Complete Follow‐up: Short term: Yes Long term: 84% Blinding of outcome measurement: Yes Stratification: By birthweight and gender Long‐term follow‐up: Sauve 1995, Courtney 1995
Participants	Neonates Birthweight equal to or >1250 grams (Canada) Birthweight > 1350 grams (USA) Respiratory distress syndrome Assisted ventilation a/A ratio <0.22 No proven lung maturity No major congential anomaly No evidence of hydrops fetalis Age <24 hours Infants Randomized: Exosurf = 614 Control = 623
Interventions	Intratracheal Exosurf Neonatal (5 mg/kg) or sham treatment (air) Second dose 12 hours later if infant remained on assisted ventilation
Outcomes	PRIMARY OUTCOME: Neonatal death or survival with bronchopulmonary dysplasia SECONDARY OUTCOME cardiorespiratory support complications of Prematurity
Notes	Primary outcome (mortality and bronchopulmonary dysplasia) reported based on intention to treat. Other complications of prematurity reported based on treatment received.