Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of participants in the COVID-19 Citizen Science study as of January 14, 2021 (N=46,106).
| Characteristica | Value | |
| Age at consent (years), n (%) (n=46,106) | ||
|
|
18-39 | 20,897 (45.3) |
|
|
40-64 | 21,475 (46.6) |
|
|
≥65 | 3734 (8.1) |
| Sex at birth, n (%) (n=42,902) | ||
|
|
Male | 13,437 (31.3) |
|
|
Female | 29,391 (68.5) |
|
|
Decline | 74 (0.2) |
| Gender identity, n (%) (n=42,890) | ||
|
|
Male | 13,289 (31) |
|
|
Female | 28,904 (67.4) |
|
|
Transgender woman | 53 (0.1) |
|
|
Transgender man | 92 (0.2) |
|
|
Genderqueer | 327 (0.8) |
|
|
Other | 137 (0.3) |
|
|
Decline | 98 (0.2) |
| Race, n (%) (n=42,418) | ||
|
|
Black or African American | 875 (2.1) |
|
|
White | 38,086 (89.8) |
|
|
Asian | 3150 (7.4) |
|
|
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 131 (0.3) |
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native | 569 (1.3) |
|
|
Other or don’t know | 1516 (3.6) |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) (n=42,902) | 3305 (7.7) | |
| Subjective social status, median (IQR) (n=42,898) | 7 (6-8) |
|
| Educational attainment, n (%) (n=42,885) | ||
|
|
High school or less | 1951 (4.5) |
|
|
Some college | 6864 (16) |
|
|
Bachelor’s | 15,394 (35.9) |
|
|
Postgraduate | 18,140 (42.3) |
|
|
Other, don’t know, or prefer not to state | 536 (1.2) |
| Residence in USA, n (%) (n=43,905) | 41,058 (93.5) | |
| Residence: USA region, n (%) (n=40,943) | ||
|
|
West | 20,146 (49.2) |
|
|
Midwest | 6662 (16.3) |
|
|
Northeast | 5723 (14) |
|
|
South | 8412 (20.5) |
| Exercise, n (%) (n=43,819) | ||
|
|
Never | 2775 (6.3) |
|
|
Less than once per month | 4146 (9.4) |
|
|
Once per month to once per week | 5857 (13.3) |
|
|
Once per week | 5792 (13.2) |
|
|
1 to 4 times per week | 13,275 (30.2) |
|
|
4 or more times per week | 11,900 (27.1) |
|
|
Other | 146 (0.3) |
| Alcohol consumption (drinks/week), median (IQR) (n=27,649) | 2 (0-5) | |
| Current smoking, n (%) (n=41,604) | 2385 (5.7) | |
| Current e-cigarette use, n (%) (n=41,682) | 1408 (3.4) | |
| Medical condition, n (%) | ||
|
|
Hypertension (n=42,783) | 7969 (18.6) |
|
|
Diabetes (n=42,780) | 1676 (3.9) |
|
|
Coronary artery disease (n=42,781) | 979 (2.3) |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (n=42,781) | 402 (0.9) |
|
|
Congestive heart failure (n=42,781) | 266 (0.6) |
|
|
Stroke or transient ischemic attack (n=42,783) | 520 (1.2) |
|
|
Atrial fibrillation (n=42,780) | 1128 (2.6) |
|
|
Sleep apnea (n=42,781) | 4226 (9.8) |
|
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=42,782) | 682 (1.6) |
|
|
Asthma (n=42,780) | 4414 (10.3) |
|
|
Cancer (active) (n=42,779) | 1272 (2.9) |
|
|
Immunodeficiency (n=42,783) | 867 (2) |
|
|
HIV (n=42,783) | 179 (0.4) |
|
|
Anemia (n=42,780) | 4530 (10.6) |
|
|
Pregnant (n=42,781) | 515 (1.2) |
| Tested positive for COVID-19 before baseline, n (%) (n=43,905) | 1214 (2.8) | |
aNot all participants provided responses to all survey questions, so the denominator for each characteristic differs.