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Schematic of EV biogenesis and contents. EVs are formed by the invagination of the early endosome to form the multivesicular body (MVB). In the MVB, the vesicles are coined intraluminal vesicles, and shuttled to be released by the plasma membrane. Once released, the ILVs are coined exosomes or generally extracellular vesicles. EV cargo consists of DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids. The EV membrane contains common tetraspanin proteins including CD9, CD63, and CD81.
