Effects of CIG on the expression of synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus of young and aged SAMP8 mice (western blotting). (a, b) Representative images and quantitative analysis of the expression of synaptophysin, PSD95, and GluR1 in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice at 6 months of age and (c, d) at 14 months of age. GAPDH served as an internal loading control, and the relative intensity in the SAMR1 control group was set as 100%. Data are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M., n = 4 each group. #P < 0.05 and ##P < 0.01, SAMP8 model group vs SAMR1 control group; ∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗P < 0.01, drug-treated SAMP8 groups vs. SAMP8 model group. Sal, normal saline (vehicle); PSD95, postsynaptic density protein 95; GluR1, AMPA receptor subunit 1.