Table 5.
Comparison of the bootstrapped C-indexes of nomogram and single predictors for patients with BC in three cohorts
| Endpoints | Characteristics | C-index derived from bootstrap | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Training cohort | Validation cohort | Whole cohort | ||
| OS | Nomogram for OS | 0.754 | 0.686 | 0.725 |
| AFR (≤12.21/>12.21) | 0.634 | 0.656 | 0.652 | |
| Tumor multifocality (yes/no) | 0.603 | 0.500 | 0.583 | |
| Tumor grade (high/low) | 0.682 | 0.567 | 0.643 | |
| DSS | Nomogram for DSS | 0.736 | 0.756 | 0.748 |
| AFR (≤12.21/>12.21) | 0.600 | 0.613 | 0.613 | |
| Tumor multifocality (yes/no) | 0.633 | 0.630 | 0.639 | |
| Tumor grade (high/low) | 0.660 | 0.691 | 0.666 | |
| DFS | Nomogram for DFS | 0.701 | 0.708 | 0.703 |
| AFR (≤12.21/>12.21) | 0.560 | 0.563 | 0.562 | |
| Tumor multifocality (yes/no) | 0.589 | 0.549 | 0.572 | |
| Tumor grade (high/low) | 0.659 | 0.696 | 0.672 | |
Abbreviations: C-index: concordance index; BC: bladder cancer; OS: overall survival; DSS: disease-specific survival; DFS: disease-free survival; AFR: albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio.