Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics.
| Alive, no re-admission (N = 484) | Readmission (N = 50) | Dead, no readmission (N = 10) | Total (N = 544) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 57.17 (18.39) | 68.04 (16.98) | 85.0 (9.39) | 58.68 (18.74) |
| Age_group | ||||
| 18–29 | 46 (9.5%) | 2 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 48 (8.8%) |
| 30–39 | 47 (9.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 47 (8.6%) |
| 40–49 | 67 (13.8%) | 6 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 73 (13.3%) |
| 50–59 | 83 (17%) | 5 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 88 (16.1%) |
| 60–69 | 108 (22.3%) | 10 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 118 (21.6%) |
| 70–79 | 79 (16.3%) | 13 (26%) | 3 (30%) | 95 (17.4%) |
| 80+ | 54 (11.6%) | 714 (28%) | 7 (70%) | 75 (13.79%) |
| Female (N, %) | 235 (48.5%) | 18 (36%) | 4 (40%) | 257 (47.2%) |
| Duration of admission | ||||
| < 24 h | 44 (9.0%) | 6 (12%) | 0 (0%) | 50 (9.3%) |
| 1–7 d | 297 (61.3%) | 28 (56%) | 7 (70%) | 332 (61.1%) |
| > 7 d | 143 (29.5%) | 16 (32%) | 3 (30%) | 162 (29.7%) |
| Baseline functional capacity | ||||
| Independent | 366 (75.6%) | 28 (56%) | 2 (20%) | 396 (72.8%) |
| Needs assistance in ADL | 35 (7.2%) | 11 (22%) | 7(70%) | 53 (9.7%) |
| Cognitive impairment | 33 (6.82%) | 10 (20%) | 1 (10%) | 44 (8.2%) |
| Weight, Kg, mean (SD) N = 443 | 80.77 (17) | 78.98 (16.99) | 68.50 (16.1) | 80.30 (17.04) |
| Total admission days (median, 25–75%) | 5.00 (3–10) | 5.5 (2–11) | 5.50 (3–11) | 5.00 (3–10) |
| Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), mean (SD) | 2.19 (2.03) | 4.22 (2.74) | 5.2 (2.2) | 2.44 (2.22) |
| Comorbidities (Charlson, %) | ||||
| Severe kidney disease | 9 (1.8%) | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (2.2%) |
| Coronary artery disease | 32 (6.61%) | 9 (18%) | 1 (10%) | 42 (7.2%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 21 (4.34%) | 5 (10%) | 2 (20%) | 28 (5.1%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 81 (16.7%) | 18 (36%) | 2 (20%) | 101 (18.7%) |
| Diabetic retinopathy/neuropathy/nephropathy | 3 (0.6%) | 1 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (0.7%) |
| Leukemia | 2 (0.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.37%) |
| Lymphoma | 4 (0.83%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (0.9%) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 30 (6.2%) | 8 (16%) | 4 (40%) | 42 (7.7%) |
| Hemiplegia | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Metastatic solid tumor | 14 (2.89%) | 8 (16%) | 1 (10%) | 23 (4.23%) |
| Dementia | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.4%) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 33 (6.8%) | 6 (12%) | 2 (20%) | 41 (7.5%) |
| Connective tissue disease | 11 (2.27%) | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (2.6%) |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 11 (2.27%) | 5 (10%) | 1 (10%) | 17 (3.1%) |
| AIDS | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.18%) |
| Liver disease | 6 (1.2%) | 2 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (1.5%) |
| Solid organ transplantation | 8 (1.65%) | 5 (10%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (2.4%) |
| Type—Solid organ transplantation | ||||
| Kidney | 7 (1.45%) | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (1.8%) |
| Heart | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.4%) |
| Liver | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.2%) |
| Highest temperature 48 h before discharge, mean (SD), N = 528 | 37.12 (0.59) | 37.21 (0.63) | 37.7 (0.72) | 37.14 (0.61) |
| Last SpO2 48 h before discharge, mean (SD) N = 513 | 96.87 (2.57) | 96.23 (3.10) | 94.78 (2.05) | 96.77 (2.63) |
| Minimum SpO2 48 h before discharge, mean (SD) N = 513 | 95 (3.38) | 94.35 (4.45) | 91.67 (4.74) | 94.88 (3.54) |
| Systolic blood pressure 48 h before discharge, mean (SD) mmHG, N = 509 | 127.76 (17.73) | 133.25 (16.07) | 133.11 (15.06) | 128.33 (17.6) |
| Diastolic blood pressure 48 h before discharge, mean (SD) mmHG, N = 509 | 72.0 (10.33) | 71.75 (15.12) | 72.18 (13.34) | 71.99 (10.85) |
| Dexamethasone | 113 (23.35%) | 9 (18%) | 2 (20%) | 124 (22.7%) |
| Remdesivir | 50 (10%) | 3 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 53 (9.7%) |
| WBC on admission, mean (SD) N = 504 | 6.64 (3.15) | 6.43 (3.27) | 11.29 (8.8) | 6.71 (3.4) |
| Lymphocytes on admission, mean (SD) N = 504 | 1.24 (0.89) | 1.27 (0.75) | 3.31 (5.42) | 1.28 (1.17) |
| Hemoglobin on admission, mean (SD) N = 504 | 12.89 (1.75) | 12.44 (2.46) | 11.34 (1.64) | 12.81 (1.84) |
| Platelets on admission, mean (SD) N = 504 | 225.53 (88.37) | 212.92 (91.08) | 246.8 (93.84) | 224.65 (88.62) |
| C reactive protein on admission (median, 25–75%, N = 460) | 4. 8 (1.25, 10.24) | 2.7 (1.1, 5.68) | 2.2 (1.57, 6.66) | 4.28 (1.21, 9.64) |
| Fibrinogen on admission, mean (SD) N = 236 | 416.09 (98.85) | 355.26 (59.42) | 357.67 (28.1) | 410.45 (97.18) |
| D-dimer on admission (median, 25–75%, N = 415) | 710.5 (429, 1249) | 823.00 (390, 1729) | 834 (423, 3430) | 713.00 (423, 1266) |
| Ferritin on admission (median, 25–75%, N = 280) | 380.4 (174.6, 726.8) | 170.6 (109.2, 445.1) | 141.2 (83.8, 230.2) | 356.90 (158.5, 717.3) |
| Creatinine on admission (median, 25–75%, mg/dl, N = 491) | 0.88 (0.7, 1.1) | 0.95 (0.77, 1.27) | 1.02 (0.72, 1.2) | 0.89 (0.7, 1.11) |
| Bilirubin on admission, mean (SD), mg/dl, N = 483 | 0.48 (0.3) | 0.44 (0.27) | 0.46 (0.25) | 0.48 (0.3) |
| Sodium on admission, mean (SD), mg/dl, N = 494 | 137.52 (4.38) | 137.21 (5.18) | 137.6 (5.25) | 137.49 (4.47) |
| Potassium on admission, mean (SD) mg/dl, N = 494 | 4.13 (0.58) | 4.27 (0.64) | 4.55 (0.61) | 4.15 (0.59) |
| WBC on discharge, mean (SD) N = 504 | 7.0 (3.21) | 6.18 (2.65) | 8.53 (5.66) | 6.96 (3.23) |
| Lymphocytes on discharge, mean (SD) N = 504 | 1.47 (0.92) | 1.18 (0.69) | 2.73 (4.07) | 1.46 (1.06) |
| Hemoglobin on discharge, mean (SD) N = 504 | 12.45 (1.99) | 12.24 (2.77) | 11.27 (1.78) | 12.41 (2.06) |
| Platelets on discharge, mean (SD) N = 504 | 270.25 (128.72) | 243.67 (119.59) | 239.9 (103.15) | 267.38 (127.34) |
| C reactive protein on discharge (median, 25–75%, N = 462) | 3.05 (0.95, 6.89) | 2.01 (0.6, 5.31) | 6.19 (1.57, 9.4) | 2.91 (0.93, 6.78) |
| Fibrinogen on discharge, mean (SD) N = 236 | 430.4 (101.88) | 357.53 (87.1) | 316.3 (79.03) | 398.64 (101.42) |
| D_dimer on discharge (median, 25–75%, N = 415) | 746 (475, 1279) | 884 (502, 1564) | 2856 (423, 4678) | 762 (475, 1316) |
| Ferritin on discharge (median, 25–75%, N = 280) | 349.4(162.9, 652.6) | 180.6 (121.3, 523.5) | 286.25 (162.5, 445.2) | 339.80 (158.9, 622.2) |
| Creatinine on discharge (median, 25–75%, N = 491) | 0.8 (0.64, 0.99) | 0.82 (0.7, 1.03) | 0.89 (0.71, 1.04) | 0.81 (0.65, 0.99) |
| Bilirubin on discharge, mean (SD) N = 483 | 0.45 (0.25) | 0.44 (0.22) | 0.42 (0.23) | 0.45 (0.24) |
| Sodium on discharge, mean (SD) N = 494 | 138.11 (3.26) | 138.15 (3. 76) | 137.7 (6.68) | 138.1 (3.4) |
| Potassium on discharge, mean (SD) N = 494 | 4.29 (0.47) | 4.23 (0.45) | 4.47 (0.39) | 4.29 (0.47) |