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. 2021 Aug 31;11:17466. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96970-9

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of ANP treatment on HFD-induced obesity and insulin resistance. (a) A schematic diagram of the experimental protocol and appearance of the obese mice after 13 weeks of HFD feeding. Bars = 1 cm (b) body weight changes during ANP treatment (n = 15 each). (c) Blood pressure changes during ANP treatment (n = 9 each). Plasma glucose levels during IPGTT (d) and ITT (e) at three weeks after treatment with or without ANP ((d) NFD and HFD, n = 8 each; NFD + ANP, n = 9; HFD + ANP, n = 7. (e) NFD, NFD + ANP and HFD, n = 9; HFD + ANP, n = 8.). The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated from the plasma glucose levels profile shown in each test. Data are mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 versus NFD at each time point; †P < 0.05 and ††P < 0.01 vs. HFD at each time point; ǂP < 0.05 and ǂǂP < 0.01 versus NFD + ANP at each time point. ANP, A-type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; BW, body weight; HFD, high-fat diet; IPGTT, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test; ITT, insulin tolerance test; NFD, normal-fat diet.