Fig. 2. Metagenomics analyses of stool samples from BC patients compared with healthy volunteers (HV).

A LEfSe (Linear discriminant analysis of effect size) method was used to detect differential abundant species (only bacteria with a prevalence >2.5% were considered) between (green bars, n = 336) and BC patients (BC, red bars, n = 76). Venn diagram describing the listing and the numbers of bacterial species in common between no pathological lymph node involvement (pN−) and HV (n = 7, B) and in common between pathological lymph node involvement (N+) and BC (n = 7, C). D. VIP scores by comparing species abundance according to the pathological lymph node involvement (no pathological lymph node involvement, pN-, orange; pathological lymph node involvement, pN+, blue) in stools collected after neoadjuvant CT (n = 10).