Fig. 4. Metagenomics-based stool composition and gene related functional pathways are associated with neurological symptoms diagnosed at 12 months post-chemotherapy (CT).

A. Beta-diversity ordination plot based on principal coordinate analysis of normalized and standardized data of post-CT fecal microbiota composition in patients with (yes, blue) and without (no, orange) long-term neurological toxicities evaluated 12 months after CT (n = 42). The p value is indicated at the top of the Y axis. B VIP scores showing the most discriminant species (only bacteria with prevalence >2.5% were considered) were obtained within partial least square discriminant analysis by differentiating between presence (yes, blue) and absence (no, orange) of neurotoxicity evaluated 12 months after CT (n = 42) in post-CT stools. C LEfSe method detected differential abundant metabolic pathways when discriminating between presence (yes, blue bars) vs absence (no, orange bars) of long-term neurotoxicity in 12 months post-CT samples.