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Flowchart of the machine-learning modeling process. CTS, carpal tunnel syndrome; SMOTE, synthetic minority oversampling technique; NNet, neural network; SVM, support vector machines; KNN, k-nearest neighbors; CART, classification and regression tree; RF, random forest; GBM, stochastic gradient boosting; XGB, extreme gradient boosting; GLM, generalized linear model; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.
