Table 1.
Variables and baseline characteristics.
| Electrodiagnostic severity | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild | Moderate | Severe | ||
| Hands, n (%) | 507 (48.9) | 276 (26.6) | 254 (24.5) | – |
| Age in years, mean ± SD | 57.3 ± 10.6 | 59.2 ± 10.8 | 57.8 ± 11.2 | 0.069a |
| Male sex, n (%) | 199 (39.2) | 123 (44.6) | 83 (32.7) | 0.183b |
| Body-mass index in kg/m2, mean ± SD | 24.2 ± 3.4 | 24.7 ± 3.0 | 25.8 ± 3.7 | < 0.001a |
| Right side involvement, n (%) | 264 (52.1) | 127 (46.0) | 135 (53.1) | 0.960b |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 47 (9.3) | 45 (16.3) | 54 (21.6) | < 0.001b |
| Duration in months, mean ± SD | 4.3 ± 5.0 | 8.5 ± 8.2 | 15.9 ± 12.8 | < 0.001a |
| Numeric rating scale of pain, mean ± SD | 3.3 ± 1.3 | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 6.1 ± 1.5 | < 0.001a |
| Nocturnal pain, n (%) | 102 (20.1) | 142 (51.4) | 212 (83.5) | < 0.001b |
| Thenar weakness and/or atrophy, n (%) | 1 (0.2) | 24 (8.7) | 169 (66.5) | < 0.001b |
| CSA in mm2, mean ± SD | 13.2 ± 3.0 | 15.4 ± 3.2 | 18.9 ± 5.0 | < 0.001a |
| PB of flexor retinaculum in mm, mean ± SD | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 2.4 | 3.1 ± 2.3 | < 0.001a |
SD, standard deviation; CSA, cross-sectional area; PB, palmar bowing.
aOne-way analysis of variance.
bChi-square trend test.