Table 3. Changes in density of adipose tissue between non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced scans in 2D- and 3D-segmentation.
| Variables | Change 2D (HU) | Change 3D (HU) (20) | Difference (HU) | P | 95% CI (HU) | NRMSE2D | NRMSE3D | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NES vs. ART (n=23) | ||||||||
| TAT | +1.5±1.4 | +0.9±1.1 | −0.6±1.3 | 0.03 | −1.1, −0.1 | 0.101 | 0.101 | 0.000 |
| VAT | +2.5±1.8 | +1.8±1.6 | −0.7±1.9 | 0.12 | −1.5, 0.2 | 0.146 | 0.137 | −0.009 |
| SAT | +0.9±2.2 | +0.4±1.5 | −0.4±2.1 | 0.33 | −1.3, 0.5 | 0.137 | 0.118 | −0.019 |
| NES vs. PVN (n=10) | ||||||||
| TAT | +4.1±3.5 | +3.2±1.7 | −0.9±2.5 | 0.27 | −2.7, 0.9 | 0.303 | 0.169 | −0.134 |
| VAT | +5.6±2.4 | +4.4±1.7 | −1.2±1.5 | 0.03 | −2.3, −0.1 | 0.211 | 0.155 | −0.056 |
| SAT | +3.8±4.0 | +2.9±1.6 | −0.8±3.2 | 0.44 | −3.1, 1.5 | 0.305 | 0.166 | −0.139 |
| NES vs. VEN (n=31) | ||||||||
| TAT | +4.1±2.6 | +3.1±2.3 | −1.1±1.8 | 0.002 | −1.7, −0.4 | 0.185 | 0.192 | +0.007 |
| VAT | +4.9±4.9 | +3.8±3.9 | −1.1±5.1 | 0.24 | −3.0, 0.8 | 0.379 | 0.317 | −0.062 |
| SAT | +3.7±5.3 | +2.8±2.2 | −0.9±4.6 | 0.27 | −2.6, 0.8 | 0.329 | 0.172 | −0.157 |
Data are mean ± standard deviation in HU. ART, arterial scan; CES, contrast-enhanced scan; CI, confidence interval; NES, non-enhanced scan; PVN, portal-venous scan; NRMSE, normalized root-mean-square error; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; TAT, total adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; VEN, venous scan. The P value (and 95% CI) corresponds to the difference of the changes between 2D- and 3D-segmentation.